PERI ALEJANDROU, MEROS BÉ > ABOUT ALEXANDER, PART II [ANCIENT/MODERN]

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Elias Kapetanopoulos

Professor Dr. (Greece-Rome)

Department of History

Central Connecticut State University

New Britain, CT 06050-4010 (USA)

Telephone:

(860) 832-2820 (office)

(860) 832-2804 (fax)

(860) 229-9960 (home)

E-mail: Kapetanopoulos@ccsu.edu

Web site: www.history.ccsu.edu/elias/elias.htm

Areas of Research: Attic epigraphy-Athenian institutions of the Roman period (200 B.C.-3rd c. A.D.), and early Makedon(ia)/Makedones.

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CENTER FOR ATHENIAN-MAKEDONIAN STUDIES:

MAKEDONIS ST' = MAKEDONIS VI

MEROS BÉ - PART II

20 Noembr€ou 1999 > 20 November 1999 = 20 ÉOktvbr€ou 2009 > 20 October 2009

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Alexander (ALEJANDROU) silver drachma [Herakles (Alexander)-Zeus].

ÉApÚ TA NEA, ORIZONTES, 09/09/2003 [Online].

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ÑOpo›ow ı ÉAl°jandrow:

êgriow énÆr. Plutarch, Phokion 17.1-5: Dhmosy°nouw d¢ loidoroËntow tÚn

ÉAl°jandron ≥dh prosãgonta ta›w YÆbaiw ¶fh:

“Sx°tlie, t€ptÉ §y°leiw §reyiz°men êgrion êndra

ka‹ dÒjhw megãlhw ÙregÒmenon; µ boÊlei purkaÛçw thlikaÊthw oÎshw §ggÁw =ip€sai [==›cai] tØn pÒlin; éllÉ ≤me›w oÈd¢ boulom°noiw épol°syai toÊtoiw §pitr°comen. oﬂ diå toËto strathge›n Ípom°nontew.” (2) …w d¢ épvl≈leisan aﬂ Y∞bai ka‹ ı ÉAl°jandrow §j˙te›to toÁw per‹ Dhmosy°nhn ka‹ LukoËrgon ka‹ ÑUpere€dhn ka‹ Xar€dhmon, ≤ d¢ §kklhs€a prÚw §ke›non ép°blepen, Ùnomast‹ pollãkiw kaloÊmenow én°sth: ka‹ t«n f€lvn ßna parasthsãmenow, ⁄ mãlista xr≈menow diet°lei ka‹ pisteÊvn ka‹ égap«n, “Eﬁw toiaËta,” ¶fh, “tØn pÒlin o‘toi paraghÒxasin ÀstÉ ¶gvge, kên Nikokl°a tiw toËton §jaitª, didÒnai keleÊsv. (3) tÚ m¢n går aÈtÚw Íp¢r Ím«n èpãntvn époyane›n eÈtux€an ín §mautoË ye€mhn. ele« d°,” e‰pen, “êndrew ÉAyhna›oi, ka‹ toÁw §k Yhb«n deËro pefeugÒtaw, érke› d¢ tåw YÆbaw kla€ein to›w ÜEllhsi. diÚ b°ltiÒn §stin Íp¢r émfo›n pe€yein ka‹ paraite›syai toÁw kratoËntaw µ mãxesyai.” (4) TÚ m¢n oÔn pr«ton cÆfisma l°getai tÚn ÉAl°jandron, …w ¶labe, =›cai ka‹ fuge›n épostraf°nta toÁw pr°sbeiw: tÚ d¢ deÊteron §d°jato, komisy¢n ÍpÚ Fvk€vnow, t«n presbut°rvn ékoÊvn ˜ti ka‹ F€lippow §yaÊmaze tÚn êndra toËton: ka‹ oÈ mÒnon tØn ¶nteujin Íp°meinen aÈtoË ka‹ tØn d°hsin, éllå ka‹ sumbouleÊontow ≥kouse. suneboÊleue dÉ ı Fvk€vn, eﬁ m¢n ≤sux€aw Ùr°getai, y°syai tÚn pÒlemon: e‹ d¢ dÒjhw, metay°syai, prÚw toÁw barbãrouw épÚ t«n ÑEllÆnvn trapÒmenon. (5) ka‹ pollå ka‹ prÚw tØn ÉAlejãndrou fÊsin ka‹ boÊlhsin eÈstÒxvw eﬁp∆n oÏtv met°bale ka‹ kateprã’nen aÈtÚn Àste eﬁpe›n ˜pvw pros°jousi tÚn noËn ÉAyhna›oi to›w prãgmasin, …w, e‡ ti g°noito per‹ aÈtÒn, §ke€noiw êrxein pros∞kon. ﬁd€& d¢ tÚn Fvk€vna poihsãmenow aÍtoË f€lon ka‹ j°non, eﬁw tosaÊthn ¶yeto timØn ˜shn e‰xon Ùl€goi t«n ée‹ sunÒntvn, ktl. [in 18.1 Alexander sends a dvreå of 100 talents to Phokion, who refuses to accept it; this irritates Alexander, 4: §pe‹ d¢ ÉAl°jandrow ±ganãkthse ka‹ pãlin ¶grace t“ Fvk€vni f€louw mØ nom€zein toÁw mhd¢n aÈtoË deom°nouw, xrÆmata m¢n oÈdÉ Õw Fvk€vn ¶laben, ktl.]. (Loeb text)

ÉAlejandr«dew. Menander, fragment 924 K: …w ÉAlejandr«dew ≥dh toËto: kín

zht« tina, aÈtÒmatow otow par°stai: kín dielye›n dhladØ diå yalãtthw dª [=d°˙ MS] pÒron [=tÒpon MS] tinÉ, otow ¶stai moi batÒw.

[old Loeb edition] = Plutarch, below

Plutarch, Alexander 17. (6) ≤ d¢ t∞w Pamful€aw paradromØ pollo›w g°gone t«n ﬂstorik«n ÍpÒyesiw grafikØ prÚw ¶kplhjin ka‹ ˆgkon, …w ye€& tin‹ tÊx˙ paraxvrÆsasan ÉAlejãndrƒ tØn yãlassan, êllvw ée‹ traxe›an §k pelãgouw prosferom°nhn, span€vw d° pote leptoÁw ka‹ prosexe›w ÍpÚ tå krhmn≈dh ka‹ parerrvgÒta t∞w Ùrein∞w pãgouw diakalÊptousan. (7) dhlo› d¢ ka‹ M°nandrow §n kvmƒd€& pa€zvn prÚw tÚ parãdojon:

…w ÉAlejandr«dew ≥dh toËto: kín zht« tina,

aÈtÒmatow otow par°stai: kín dielye›n dhladØ

diå yalãsshw d°˙ tÒpon tinÉ , otow ¶stai moi

batÒw.

(8) aÈtÚw d¢ ÉAl°jandrow §n ta›w §pistola›w oÈd¢n toioËton terateusãmenow ıdopoi∞sa€ fhsi tØn legom°nhn Kl€maka ka‹ dielye›n ırmÆsaw §k Fashl€dow. diÚ ka‹ ple€onaw ≤m°raw §n tª pÒlei

di°tricen: …

Cf. Lucian, PVS DEI ISTORIAN SUGGRAFEIN 40: ÉAlejãndrou goËn ka‹ toËto épomnhmoneÊousin ˜wÑHd°vw ên, ¶fh, prÚw Ùl€gon éneb€oun, Œ ÉOnis€krite [=ÉOnis€kratew MSS], époyan≈n …w mãyoimi ˜pvw taËta oﬂ ênyrvpoi tÒte énagign≈skousin. eﬁ d¢ nËn aÈtå §painoËsi ka‹ éspãzontai, mØ yaumãs˙w: o‡ontai går oÈ mikr“ tini t“ del°ati toÊtƒ énaspãsein ßkastow tØn parÉ ≤m«n eÎnoian.

ÉAlejãndrou pl°on p°pvkaw. Menander, KOLAJ (fragment 293 K): (B€aw)

kotÊlaw xvroËn d°ka §n Kappadok€& kÒndu xrusoËn, Strouy€a,

tr‹w §j°pion [=¶pion A] mestÒn gÉ:

ÉAlejãndrou pl°on toË basil°vw p°pvkaw.

oÈk ¶latton, oÈ må tØn ÉAyhnçn.

m°ga ge.

[old Loeb edition]

Cf. Plutarch, P«w ên tiw diakr€neie tÚn kÒlaka toË f€lou 13 (57a): ..., ˜lƒ t“ mukt∞ri xr∞tai, kayãper ı Strouy€aw §mperipat«n t“ B€anti ka‹ katorxoÊmenow t∞w énaisyhs€aw aÈtoË to›w §pa€noiw

ÉAlejãndrou pl°on toË basil°vw p°pvkaw

ka‹ ...

énãtasiw toË aÈx°now. Plutarch, Alexander 4.1-2: TØn m¢n oÔn ﬁd°an toË s≈matow

oﬂ Lus€ppeioi mãlista t«n éndriãntvn §mfa€nousin, ÍfÉ o mÒnou ka‹ aÈtÚw ±j€ou plãttesyai. (2) ka‹ går mãlisyÉ ì pollo€ t«n diadÒxvn Ïsteron ka‹ t«n f€lvn épemimoËnto, tÆn te énãtasin toË aÈx°now eﬁw eÈ≈numon ≤sux∞ keklim°nou ka‹ tØn ÍgrÒthta t«n Ùmmãtvn, diatetÆrhken ékrib«w ı texn€thw. Under tãxow below.

én€khtow. Plutarch, Alexander 3.8-9: Fil€ppƒ d¢ êrti Pot€daian ΩrhkÒti tre›w

∏kon éggel€ai katå tÚn aÈtÚn xrÒnon: ≤ m¢n ÉIllurioÁw ≤ttçsyai mãx˙ megãl˙ diå Parmen€vnow, ≤ d¢ ÉOlump€asin ·ppƒ k°lhti nenikhk°nai, tr€th d¢ per‹ t∞w ÉAlejãndrou gen°sevw. (9) §fÉ oÂw ≤dÒmenon, …w eﬁkÒw, ¶ti mçllon oﬂ mãnteiw §p∞ran épofainÒmenoi tÚn pa›da tris‹ n€kaiw suggegennhm°non én€khton ¶sesyai.

bãrow. Under tãxow below.

b€a. Under tãxow below.

geghy≈w. Under sobarÚw ka‹ geghy≈w below.

dÒja. Under svfrosÊnh below, and êgriow énØr above.

dÒjhw megãlhw ÙregÒmenow, see under êgriow énÆr above.

drãkvn-ÉOlumpi™åw-ÉAl°jandrow. Lucian, ALEJANDROS H CEUDOMANTIS

6-7: ... §n d¢ toÊtoiw ka‹ Mak°tin guna›ka plous€an, .... ka‹ ±koloÊyhsan [=ÉAl°jandrow-Kokkvnçw] §k t∞w Biyun€aw eﬁw tØn Makedon€an. Pella€a d¢ ∑n §ke€nh, pãlai m¢n eÈda€monow xvr€ou katå toÁw t«n MakedÒnvn basil°aw, nËn d¢ tapeinoË [=tapeinoÁw] ka‹ Ùlig€stouw oﬁkÆtoraw ¶xontow. (7) §ntaËya ﬁdÒntew drãkontaw pammeg°yeiw, ...—pollo‹ d¢ g€gnontai parÉ aÈto›w [=§n P°ll&] toioËtoi, ˜yen ka‹ tÚn per‹ t∞w ÉOlumpiãdow mËyon diafoit∞sai pãlai eﬁkÒw, ıpÒte §kÊei tÚn ÉAl°jandron, drãkontÒw tinow, o‰mai, toioÊtou sugkayeÊdontow aÈtª--»noËntai t«n •rpet«n ©n kãlliston Ùl€gvn Ùbol«n.

Cf. Euripides, Bakkhai 677-713.

dusk€nhtow. Under svfrosÊnh and fÊsin dusk€nhtow below.

§lafrÒw, pod≈khw, below.

ÑEllÆnvn §leuyer€a. Athenaios, 13.595a-b [a-c]: YeÒpompow dÉ §n tª prÚw

ÉAl°jandron ÉEpistolª tØn ÑArpãlou diabãllvn ékolas€an fhs€n: “§p€skecai d¢ ka‹ diãkouson saf«w parå t«n §k Babul«now ˘n trÒpon Puyion€khn peri°steilen teleutÆsasan. ... épÚ pleiÒnvn d¢ talãntvn µ diakos€vn dÊo mnÆmata kateskeÊasen aÈt∞w: ˘ ka‹ pãntew §yaÊmazon, ˜ti t«n m¢n §n Kilik€& teleuthsãntvn Íp¢r t∞w s∞w basile€aw ka‹ t∞w t«n ÑEllÆnvn §leuyer€aw oÈd°pv nËn oÎte §ke›now oÎtÉ êllow oÈde‹w t«n §pistat«n kekÒsmhke tÚn tãfon, Puyion€khw d¢ t∞w •ta€raw fanÆsetai tÚ m¢n ÉAyÆnhsin [=éyÆnhisin A], tÚ dÉ §n Babul«ni mn∞ma polÁn ≥dh xrÒnon §pitetelesm°non. ...”

§r€saw mØ biasy∞nai. Under fÊsin dusk€nhtow below.

¶rvw ka‹ pÒyow. Plutarch, Phokion 29.1-2: ÑO d¢ Dhmosy°nouw §n Kalaur€& ka‹ Ñ

Upere€dou prÚw Klevna›w yãnatow, per‹ œn §n êlloiw g°graptai [=Demosthenes 28-30] mononoÁk ¶rvta ka‹ pÒyon ÉAyhna€oiw ÉAlejãndrou ka‹ Fil€ppou par€sth. ka‹ toËto (Loeb) ˜per Ïsteron, énairey°ntow ÉAntigÒnou ka‹ t«n énelÒntvn §ke›non érjam°nvn biãzesyai ka‹ lupe›n toÁw ényr≈pouw, énØr êgroikow §n Frug€& xvr€on ÙrÊttvn puyom°nou tinÒw, “T€ poie›w;” stenãjaw, ‘ÉAnt€gonon,” e‰pe, “zht«.”(2) toËto (Loeb) pollo›w §pπei l°gein diamnhmoneÊousi tÚn §ke€nvn t«n basil°vn yumÒn, …w tÚ m°ga ka‹ genna›on eÈpara€thton e‰xon, oÈx Àsper ÉAnt€patrow, ktl.

eÈvd€a. Under xr∆w below.

YÆbaw kat°skacen. Athenaios, 13.591 d: §ploÊtei d¢ sfÒdra ≤ FrÊnh ka‹

Ípisxne›to teixie›n [=énateixie›n Meineke] tåw YÆbaw, §ån §pigrãcvsin [=eﬁ §pigrãceian C] Yhba›oi ˜ti “ÉAl°jandrow m¢n kat°skacen, én°sthsen d¢ FrÊnh ≤ •ta€ra,” …w ﬂstore› Kall€stratow §n t“ per‹ ÑEtair«n. [Loeb text]

yumoeidÆw. Under xr∆w below.

k€nhma. Under tãxow below.

kl€siw traxÆlou. Under tãxow below.

*KÊklvc. ÉApallãjantow ÉAlejãndrou pãlai toË MakedÒnow, Dhmãdhn

fas‹ tÚn =Ætora paraplÆsion fãnai diå tØn énarx€an tÚ t«n MakedÒnvn ırçsyai stratÒpedon §ktetuflvm°nƒ t“ KÊklƒpi. ÉEmo‹ d¢ toË prosÆkontow Íp¢r t«n patr€vn §y«n ka‹ dogmãtvn zÆlou t∞w §kklhs€aw sbesy°ntow makrÚn §pipolãzonta bl°ponti kakodoj€aw yÒrubon, ... = T“ megãlƒ Mhtrofãn˙, Correspondance de Nicéphore Grégoras, ed. R. Guilland [Paris 1927] 233, No. 151.

Plutarch, Galbas 1.3-4: ... ka‹ parade€gmata toË mhd¢n e‰nai fober≈teron épaideÊtoiw xrvm°nhw ka‹ élÒgoiw ırma›w §n ≤gemon€& strativtik∞w dunãmevw. (4) Dhmãdhw m¢n går ÉAlejãndrou teleutÆsantow e‡kaze tØn MakedÒnvn stratiån §ktetuflvm°nƒ t“ KÊklvpi, pollåw kinoum°nhn ır«n kinÆseiw étãktouw ka‹ parafÒrouw: tØn d¢ ÑRvma€vn ≤gemon€an ˜moia to›w legom°noiw Titaniko›w pãyesi ka‹ kinÆmasi katelãmbanen, ...

leukÒw. Plutarch, Alexander 4.3: ÉApell∞w d¢ grãfvn tÚn keraunofÒron oÈk §mimÆsato tØn xrÒan, éllå faiÒteron ka‹ pepinvm°non §po€hsen. ∑n d¢ leukÒw,

Àw fasin: ≤ d¢ leukÒthw §pefo€nissen aÈtoË per‹ tÚ st∞yow mãlista ka‹ tÚ prÒsvpon.

l°vn fÒnou kekoresm°now. Plutarch, Demosthenes 23.5: Bouleuom°nvn d¢ t«n

ÉAyhna€vn ka‹ diaporoÊntvn, ı Dhmãdhw lab∆n p°nte tãlanta parå t«n éndr«n …molÒghse presbeÊsein ka‹ deÆsesyai toË basil°vw [=ÉAlejãndrou] Íp¢r aÈt«n, e‡te th fil€& pisteÊvn, e‡te prosdok«n mestÚn eÍrÆsein Àsper l°onta fÒnou kekoresm°non. ¶peise dÉ oÔn ka‹ par˙tÆsato toÁw êndraw ı Dhmãdhw, ka‹ diÆllajen aÈt“ tØn pÒlin.

Marg€thw, under pa›w ka‹ Marg€thw.below.

megalopragmosÊnhn. Plutarch, Alexander 5.3 [1-3].

mestÒw, under l°vn fÒnou kekoresm°now above.

monÒlukow. Plutarch, Demosthenes 23.4-5: ... eÈyÁw dÉ ı ÉAl°jandrow §jπtei p°mpvn t«n dhmagvg«n d°ka ..., Dhmosy°nhn, ..., Xar€dhmon.

(4) ÜOte ka‹ tÚn per‹ t«n probãtvn lÒgon ı Dhmosy°nhw pros∞ce t“ dÆmƒ, ì [=…w] to›w lÊkoiw toÁw kÊnaw §j°dvke, dihghsãmenow aÍtÚn m¢n e‡kase ka‹ toÁw sÁn aÍt“ kus‹n Íp¢r toË dÆmou maxom°noiw, ÉAl°jandron d¢ tÚn MakedÒna monÒlukon proshgÒreusen. ¶ti dÉ, “Vsper,” ¶fh, “toÁw §mpÒrouw ır«men, ....” taËta m¢n oÔn ÉAristÒboulow ı KassandreÁw ﬂstÒrhke.

ˆgkow. Under tãxow below.

˜lh ˆzein nekroË ≤ oﬁkoum°nh. Plutarch, Phokion 22.3-4: Pr≈tou d¢ ÉAyhna€oiw

ÉAsklhpiãdou toË ÑIppãrxou teynãnai prosagge€lantow ÉAl°jandron, ı m¢n Dhmãdhw §k°leue mØ pros°xein: pãlai går ín ˜lhn ˆzein nekroË tØn oﬁkoum°nhn: ı d¢ Fvk€vn §p˙rm°non ır«n prÚw tÚ nevter€zein tÚn d∞mon §peirçto parhgore›n ka‹ kat°xein. (4) énaphd≈ntvn d¢ poll«n §p‹ tÚ b∞ma, ka‹ bo≈ntvn élhy∞ tÚn ÉAsklhpiãdhn épagg°llein ka‹ teynãnai tÚn ÉAl°jandron, “OÈkoËn,” e‰pen, “eﬁ sÆmeron t°ynhke, ka‹ aÎrion ¶stai ka‹ eﬁw tr€thn teynhk≈w, Àste ≤mçw §n ≤sux€& bouleÊsasyai, mçllon ka‹ [=d¢] metå ésfale€aw.”

˜pla. Under tãxow below.

paidÒw ırmÆn. Plutarch, Alexander 5.3 [1-3].

pa›w ka‹ Marg€thw. Plutarch, Demosthenes 23.1-2: ..., ÉAyhna›oi dÉ …w

polemÆsontew metÉ aÈt«n [=Yhba€vn] pareskeuãzonto. (2) ka‹ tÚ b∞ma kate›xen ı Dhmosy°nhw, ka‹ prÚw toÁw §n ÉAs€& strathgoÁw toË basil°vw ¶grafe tÚn §ke›yen §pege€rvn pÒlemon ÉAlejãndrƒ, pa›da ka‹ Marg€thn épokal«n aÈtÒn. §pe‹ m°ntoi tå per‹ tØn x≈ran y°menow [=ÉAl°jandrow] par∞n aÈtÚw metå t∞w dunãmevw eﬁw tØn Boivt€an, ...

podvk°statow, Plutarch, Moralia (PERI THS ALEJANDROU TUXHS H

ARETHS LOGOS A), 331 A-B: T«n dÉ élhyin«n épofyegmãtvn ÉAlejãndrou pr«ton ên tiw tå paidikå di°lyoi. podvk°statow går t«n §fÉ ≤lik€aw n°vn genÒmenow ka‹ t«n •ta€rvn aÈtÚn §pÉ ÉOlÊmpia parorm≈ntvn, ±r≈thsen, eﬁ basile›w égvn€zontai: t«n dÉ oÈ fam°nvn, êdikon e‰pen e‰nai tØn ëmillan, §n √ nikÆsei m¢n ﬁdi≈taw, nikhyÆsetai d¢ basileÊw. Pod≈khw, below.

pod≈khw. Plutarch, Alexander 4.10: ..., éllå ka‹ t«n per‹ aÈtÚn épopeirvm°nvn

eﬁ boÊloitÉ ín ÉOlump€asin égvn€sasyai stãdion, ∑n går pod≈khw, “E‡ ge,” ¶fh, “basile›w ¶mellon ßjein éntagvnistãw.”Plutarch, Moralia (APOFYEGMATA BASILEVN KAI STRATHGVN), 179 D: ÉElafrÚw d¢ Ãn ka‹ pod≈khw ka‹ parakaloÊmenow ÍpÚ toË patrÚw ÉOlÊmpia drame›n stãdion, <<e‡ge>>, ¶fh, <<basile›w ßjein ¶mellon éntagvnistãw>>. Podvk°statow, above.

potikÒw. Under xr∆w below.

pr&Òthw. Under svfrosÊnh below.

=agda›ow. Under svfrosÊnh below.

sobarÚw ka‹ geghy≈w. Plutarch, Alexander 6.8 [1-8].

svfrosÊnh. Plutarch, Alexander 8-9: ÖEti d¢ ˆntow aÈtoË paidÚw ¥ te svfrosÊnh

diefa€neto t“ prÚw tîlla =agda›on ˆnta ka‹ ferÒmenon sfodr«w §n ta›w ≤dona›w ta›w per‹ tÚ s«ma dusk€nhton e‰nai ka‹ metå poll∞w pr&Òthtow ëptesyai t«n toioÊtvn, ¥ te filotim€a parÉ ≤lik€an §mbriy¢w e‰xe tÚ frÒnhma ka‹ megalÒcuxon. (9) oÎte går épÚ pantÚw oÎte pçsan ±gãpa dÒjan, …w F€lippow lÒgou te deinÒthti sofistik«w kallvpizÒmenow ka‹ tåw §n ÉOlump€& n€kaw t«n èrmãtvn §gxarãttvn to›w nom€smasin, (10) under pod≈khw above.

tãxow. ka‹ går ˆcin ’onto [=MakedÒnew] ka‹ tãxow §oik°nai [=PÊrron] ka‹

k€nhma to›w ÉAlejãndrou, ka‹ t∞w forçw §ke€nou ka‹ b€aw parå toÁw ég«naw §n toÊtƒ skiãw tinaw ırçsyai ka‹ mimÆmata, t«n m¢n êllvn basil°vn §n porfÊraiw ka‹ dorufÒroiw ka‹ kl€sei traxÆlou ka‹ t“ me›zon dial°gesyai, mÒnou d¢ PÊrrou to›w ˜ploiw ka‹ ta›w xers€n §pideiknum°nou tÚn ÉAl°jandron [Plutarch, Pyrrhus 8.1].

Plutarch, Demetrios 41.3: oÈ går oÏtv mishye‹w ı PÊrrow éfÉ œn ¶prajen …w yaumasye‹w diå tÚ ple›sta tª xeir‹ katergãsasyai, m°ga te ka‹ lamprÚn ¶sxen épÚ t∞w mãxhw §ke€nhw ˆnoma parå to›w MakedÒsi: ka‹ pollo›w §pπei l°gein t«n MakedÒnvn …w §n mÒnƒ toÊtƒ t«n basil°vn e‡dvlon §nor“to t∞w ÉAlejãndrou tÒlmhw, oﬂ d¢ êlloi, ka‹ mãlista DhmÆtriow, …w §p‹ skhn∞w tÚ bãrow Ípokr€nointo ka‹ tÚn ˆgkon toË éndrÒw. (4) ∑n d¢ …w élhy«w tragƒd€a megãlh per‹ tÚn DhmÆtrion, ...

tÒlmh. Under tãxow above.

ÍgrÒthw Ùmmãtvn. Plutarch, Alexander 4.2: ... ka‹ tØn ÍgrÒthta t«n Ùmmãtvn.

Under énãtasiw toË aÈx°now above.

ferÒmenow sfodr«w. Under svfrosÊnh above.

filotim€a. Under svfrosÊnh above.

forã. Under tãxow above.

frÒnhma. Under svfrosÊnh above.

fÊsin dusk€nhtow. Plutarch, Alexander 7.1; Kayor«n [=F€lippow] d¢ tØn fÊsin

aÈtoË dusk€nhton m¢n oÔsan §r€santow mØ biasy∞nai, =ad€vw d¢ égom°nhn ÍpÚ lÒgou prÚw tÚ d°on, aÈtÒw te pe€yein §peirçto mçllon µ prostãttein, ktl. Under dusk€nhtow above.

xe›rew. Under tãxow above.

xr≈w. Plutarch, Alexander 4.4: ˜ti d¢ toË xrvtÚw ¥diston ép°pnei ka‹ tÚ stÒma

kate›xen eÈvd€a ka‹ tØn sãrkan pçsan, Àste plhroËsyai toÁw xitvn€skouw, én°gnvmen §n ÍpomnÆmasin ÉAristojene€oiw. [5-6, diå t€ toËto – why] (7) ÉAl°jandron d¢ ≤ yermÒthw toË s≈matow, …w ¶oike, ka‹ potikÚn ka‹ yumoeid∞ pare›xen.

==================

PERI ALEJANDROU:

UﬂÚw ÉAlejãndrou Krãterow tãde t»pÒllvn[i]

hÎjato timãeiw ka‹ polÊdojow énØr

stçse, tÚn §n megãroiw §tekn≈sato ka‹ l€pe pa›da,.

pçsan Íposxes€an patr‹ tel«n, Krãterow,

ˆfra oﬂ é˝diÒn te ka‹ èrpal°on kl°ow êgra,

Œ j°ne, taurofÒnou toËde l°ontow ¶xoi

˜m pÒte, ÉAl[ejã]ndrvi tÒte ˜yÉ e·peto ka‹ sunepÒryei

t«i poluain[Æ]tvi t«ide ÉAs€aw basile›,

œde sunejalãpaje ka‹ eﬁw x°raw éntiãsanta

¶ktanen oﬁonÒmvn §n perãtessi SÊrvn.

FD III.4, No. 137.

Plutarch, Alexander 40.4: §p°teinen oÔn ¶ti mçllon aÈtÚw •autÚn §n ta›w strate€aiw ka‹ to›w kunhges€oiw, kakopay«n ka‹ paraballÒmenow, Àste ka‹ Lãkvna presbeutØn paragenÒmenon aÈt“

l°onta katabãllonti m°gan eﬁpe›n: <<Kal«w ge, ÉAl°jandre, prÚw tÚn l°onta ±g≈nisai per‹ tçw basile€aw>>. (5) toËto tÚ kunÆgion KraterÚw eﬁw DelfoÁw én°yhken, eﬁkÒnaw xalkçw poihsãmenow toË l°ontow ka‹ t«n kun«n ka‹ toË basil°vw t“ l°onti sunest«tow ka‹ aÍtoË prosbohyoËntow, œn tå m¢n LÊsippow ¶plase, tå d¢ Levxãrhw.

----------------------

BasileÁw ÉAl°jan[d]row [b]o[uk°fal]a, §fÉ œn [§]pig°graptai:

<<BasileÁw ÉAl°jan[d]row mãxai kratÆsaw Da-

re›on ka‹ kÊriow ge[n]Òmenow tçw ÉAs€aw ¶yu-

se t[ç]i ÉAyãnai tçi [Li]nd€ai katå mante€an

§pÉ ﬁe[r°]vw Yeug°n[e]uw toË Pistokrãteuw>>. Pe-

r‹ [t]oÊtvn to[‹] Lind€[vn] xrhmatismo‹ per[i]°xonti.

ÉAn[°]yhke d¢ ka‹ [˜]pla, §fÉ œn §pig°graptai.

Timachidas of Lindus. The Chronicle of the Temple of Athena at Lindus in Rhodes / Chronicum Lindium / Die Lindische Tempelchronik, Richard Clairmont/G.C. Richards/Chr. Blinkenberg (Ares Publishers, 1980) 32, XXXVIII.

==============

IG II² 4260 [E.M. 10583]. Basis marmoris Pentelici, initio principatus.

[ı d∞m]ow

[basil°a] ÉAl°jandron

[basil°vw] Fil€ppou uﬂÒn.

Suppl. Dttb.

==============

yeÚw ÉAl°jandrow

(énãglufon) / AÈrÆliow ÉIoulianÚw tÚn uﬂÚn / Lus€maxon én°yhken / eﬁw yeÚn ÉAl°jandron. vacat

Y. RIZAKHS – G. TOURATSOGLOU, EPIGRAFES ANV MAKEDONIAS (AYHNA 1985) 137 [137-138], No. 148, with photograph (ca. med. s. III p.).

=AAA XXXII-XXXIV (1999-2001=2003) 134, with photograph [eﬁk. 10].

NOTE: eﬁw, with dotted epsilon, this writer from the photograph therein.

===========================

[ÉAleja]ndre€vi ka‹ Ptolemaie€vi, BE 2004 [REG 117], 637-638, under No. 237 (Kos), the Alexander and Ptolemy I cult.

ÉAlejãndrou drËw, Plutarch, Alexander 9.2: §n d¢ Xairvne€& t∞w prÚw toÁw ÜEllhnaw mãxhw par∆n met°sxe, ka‹ l°getai pr«tow §nse›sai

t“ ﬂer“ lÒxƒ t«n Yhba€vn. ¶ti d¢ ka‹ kayÉ ≤mçw §de€knuto palaiå parå tÚn KhfisÚn ÉAlejãndrou kaloum°nh drËw, prÚw ∂n tÒte kateskÆnvse, ka‹ tÚ poluãndrion oÈ pÒrrv t«n MakedÒnvn §st€n.

bhmatistØw ÉAlejãndrou. Athenaios, X 442 b: Ba€tvn goËn ı ÉAlejãndrou bhmatistØw §n t“ §pigrafom°nƒ Staymo‹ t∞w ÉAlejãndrou

pore€aw …

See under Hesychios herein, bhmat€zei(n).

strateusãmenoi basile›ow ÉAlejãndrv stratag€ontow. IG VII, No. 3206 (Orchomenos). Post a. 329 p.

[To‹ ﬂppÒth to]‹ §n tån ÉAs€an st[rateusãmenoi ba/sile›o]w ÉAlejãndrv stratag€ontow, [..........] / [.]odvr€v Wilarx€ontow, Di‹ Svte(›)ri én[°yian: PrÒ/ppei YiogitÒniow, Mnas€dikow ÉAyanod[≈riow, /(5) Damosy°ne(i)w Pourr€niow, YiÒdotow Po[....., ..]/og€tvn DivnÊsiow, Dorke€daw Melamb€[xiow, Polo]/Êjenow Jenot€miow, ÉAntigen€daw SimoÊl[iow], / Kallikr«n EÈrufaÒntiow, ÖHxmvn ÉHxmÒniow, S[im]/m€aw FaoÊlliow, Yo€nvn TimogitÒniow, DiÒd[vro]/(10)w Telesãrxiow, KafisÒdvrow ÉArj€lliow, ÉApollÒ/dvrow Tel°stao, YiÒpompow ÉOlump€xiow, Yiode/j€law Mnasikle›ow, Kallisy°ne(i)w Menãndriow, / Wanaj€vn Sa≈ndao. (vacat?) / Pankle(›)w DvrÒyeiow, EÈrubvtãdaw Tãlliow, /(15) ÑErmãiow Niki∞ow, ÉArgil€aw Laon€kiow.

NOTES. Line 1: ÉAs€an, with dotted n (=ÉAs€a[n]). Line 3: Svte(›)ri [=Svte›ri]. Line 5: Damosy°ne(i)w [=Damosy°neiw]. Line 7: SimoÊl[iow], with dotted l (=SimoÊ[liow]). Line 12: Kallisy°ne(i)w [=Kallisy°neiw]. Line 14: Pankle(›)w [=Pankle›w] (for these alterations, cf. apographum therein). Line 15: ÉArgil€aw Laon€kiow - cf. therein No. 2716, line 2: polemarxiÒ[n]tvn ÉArgil€ao Laonik[€v], ktl., with dotted t and k (=polemarxiÒ[nt]vn ÉArgil€ao Laoni[k€v], ktl.).

==========================

SOUDA, 1179 Strãttiw, ÉOlÊnyiow, ﬂstorikÒw. Per‹ t«n ÉAlejãndrou §fhmer€dvn bibl€a eÉ, Per‹ potam«n ka‹ krhn«n ka‹ limn«n,

Per‹ t∞w ÉAlejãndrou teleut∞w.

==========================

GORGONA, <<Zª ı basileÁw ÉAl°jandrow; Zª ka‹ basileÊei ka‹ tÚn kÒsmo kurieÊei>>: Brad L. Cook, << ALEXANDER’S MERMAID: PLUMBING THE MURKY DEPTHS OF A MYTH>>, AMPHORA 7.2, published by APhA (Fall 2008) 8-9.

==========================

BIBLIOGRAFIA ALEJANDROU – ALEXANDER BIBLIOGRAPHY:

ELEUYEROTUPIA, PEMPTH 13-3-2003 and 20-3-2003, E-ISTORIKA

(ENYETO)

M°row 1o ka‹ 2o/M°gaw Al°jandrow

ZafeiropoÊlou, SimÒnh, Akolouy≈ntaw ta bÆmata tou Megal°jandrou,

2.300 xrÒnia metã (EkdÒseiw M€lhtow, sel. 365. 91,50 eur≈). 500+ photographs [2003]. TA NEA, ORIZONTES,10-04-2002, Sel. P27. KvdikÒw ãryrou A17610P272 (Online): P°nte xrÒnia periplãnhsh sta xnãria tou Megãlou Alejãndrou. S. Zapheiropoulou is an adviser to the Presidency of Demokratia (Proedr€a thw Dhmokrat€aw) for cultural matters: <<PeriplanÆyhke sthn As€a kai thn AfrikÆ <<anazht≈ntaw>> ton me ton fvtografikÒ thw fakÒ>>=Wandered through Asia and Africa in quest of Him with her camera (this writer’s).

TO BHMA, BIBLIA, KURIAKH 27 IOULIOU 2003.43.9. ÑO BÊrvn PolÊdvraw, bouleutØw N°aw Dhmokrat€aw, kr€nvn tÚ bibl€on t∞w ZafeiropoÊlou. Zei o basiliãw Al°jandrow / Ena odoiporikÒ-proskÊnhma sta €xnh tou megãlou strathlãth [a review of Zapheiropoulou’s book by Byron Polydoras, New Democracy deputy]. The price given is 90 euros.

H KAYHMERINH, POLITISMOS, KuriakÆ, 5 Oktvbr€ou 2003 .

[Online]: Akolouy≈ntaw ta €xnh tou Megal°jandrou... / Jenãghsh se mia ekstrate€a pou °grace istor€a, tou Panagi≈th T°tsh [=In the Footsteps of Alexander the Great ... / A guide of an expedition that impacted history].

TO BHMA, 18-04-2004 [TmÆma U: EidikÚ ÄEnyeto (TO BHMA ISTORIA 24 oi

politiko€)]. O oramatistØw tou oikoumenikoÁ / krãtouw / M°gaw Al°jandrow / 356-323 p.X. / AUGOUSTINOS ZENAKOS [KEIMENA: IVANNA ZOULA]. KvdikÒw ãryrou: B14142Y021.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Adams, Winthrop Lindsay, Alexander the Great. Legacy of a Conqueror, Library of World Biography [Pearson Longman, New York, 2005].

Anson, Edward M., <<Alexander and Siwah>>, AncW 34.2 (2003) 117-130.

Arnold-Biucchi, Carmen, Alexander’s Coins and Alexander’s Image [Harvard University Art Museums, Cambridge, MA, 2006].

Reviewed by Andrew Stewart, BMCR 2007.08.58.

Ballesteros-Pastor, Luis, “Le discours du Scythe à Alexandre Le Grand (Quinte-curce 7.8.12-30),” Rh, Museum 146.1 (2003) 23-37.

Bianchetti, Serena, <<La concezione dell’ecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro XVII-XVIII>> in Diodoro e l’altra Grecia. Macedonia, Occidente, Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica, Atti del Convegno

Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004, ed. Cinzia Bearzot and Franca Landucci [Vita e Pensiero – Largo A. Gemelli, Milano 2005] 127-153.

Chugg, Andrew, <<The Journal of Alexander the Great>>, AHB 19-3-4 (2005) 155-175.

GkafoÊrof, B., ka‹ Tsimpouk€dhw, D., <<Al°jandrow o Maked≈n kai h AnatolÆ>>, Metãfrash: G. Sterg€ou. EkdÒseiw <<PapadÆma>>,

AyÆna 2003 4, sel. 736. Tou Andrea Panagopoulou: <<... H mÒnh apãnthsh sthn apor€a [=giat€ ßna êllo bibl€o giå tÚn ÉAl°jandro stå tÒsa êlla] ... e€nai h amig≈w marjistikÆ [=m°yodow ≤ ékolouyoÊmenh], kai mãlista thw epoxÆw thw SobietikÆw Envshw. ...>>=KAYHMERINH, POLITISMOS, Tr€th, 11 Oktvbr€ou 2005 [Online].

Dahmen, Karsten, The Legend of Alexander the Great on Greek and Roman Coins [Routledge, New York, 2007]. Andrew Stewart, under Arnold-Biucchi above.

Hannah, Robert, below under Wheatley, Pat, and Hannah, Robert.

Harrison, Evelyn B., <<New Sculpture from the Athenian Agora, 1959>>, Hesperia 29 (1960) 389: <<Eubouleus>> Alexander, <<the “Eubouleus” is in

fact a young Alexander>>.

Heckel, Waldemar, The Marshals of Alexander’s Empire [London/New York: Routledge, 1992].

Reviewed by Catherine Rubincam in Bryn Mawr Classical Review 04.05.09 [Online]. [27-2-2009]

Heckel, W., and Yardley, J.C., Alexander the Great: Historical Sources in Translation

[Blackwell Sourcebooks in Ancient History, November 2002].

Heckel, Waldemar, and Tritle, Lawrence A., eds., Crossroads of History. The Age of Alexander [Regina Books, 2003].

Reviewed by Dawn L. Gilley in BMCR 2005.03.05 [Online].

Heckel, Waldemar, <<Mazaeus, Callisthenes and the Alexander Sarcophagus>>, Historia 55.4 (2006) 385-396.

Heckel, Waldemar, and Tritle, Lawrence, eds., Alexander the Great: A New History [Blackwell’s, summer 2007].

Heckel, Waldemar, Tritle, Lawrence, Wheatley, Pat, eds., Alexander’s Empire: Formulation to Decay, A Companion to Crossroads of History, Symposium, University of Calgary, 20-22 January 2005

[Regina Books, 2007].

Reviewed by Dawn Gilley in BMCR 2008.03.18.

Heckel, Waldemar, The Conquests of Alexander the Great [Cambridge University Press, 2007].

Heckel, Waldemar, and Tritle, Lawrence A., Alexander the Great: A New History [Wiley-Blackwell, 2009]

Contents, v-vi. Figures, vii. Chronology, ix-xiii. Preface and Acknowledgments, xiv. Abbreviations, xv-xvi. Journal and Serial Abbreviations, xvii-xix. Alexander’s Route (with date), xx-xxi. Introduction, 1-6. (1) The Macedonian Background, Michael Zahrnt [7-25], (2) Alexander’s Conquests of Asia, Waldemar Heckel [26-52], (3) The Diadochi, or Successors of Alexander, Patrick Wheatley [53-68], (4) A King and His Army, Waldemar Heckel [69-82], (5) The Court of Alexander the Great as Social System, Gregor Weber [83-98], (6) Alexander and the Greeks: The Corinthian League, Elisabetta Poddighe [99-120], (7) Alexander and the Greeks: Artists and Soldiers, Friends and Enemies, Lawrence A. Tritle [121-140], (8) The Empire of Darius III in Perspective, Pierre Briant [141-170], (9) Alexander and the Persian Empire, between “Decline” and “Renovation”: History and Historiography, Pierre Briant [171-188], (10) Alexander and his “Terrible Mother”, Elizabeth D. Carney [189-202], (11) Alexander’s Sex Life, Daniel Ogden [203-217], (12) Heroes, Cults, and Divinity, Boris Dreyer [218-234], (13) Alexander’s Image in the Age of the Successors, Alexander Meeus [235-250], (14) Roman Alexanders: Epistemology and Identity, Diana Spencer [251-274], (15) The Construction of a New Ideal: The Official Portraiture of Alexander the Great, Catie Mihalopoulos [275-293], (16) Power, Passion, and Patrons: Alexander, Charles Le Brun, and Oliver Stone, E. J. Baynham [294-310]. Bibliography, 311-348. Index, 349-366.

Kinsky, Rüdiger, ed., Diorthoseis. Beiträge zur Geschichte des Hellenismus und zum Nachleben Alexanders des Grossen [München/Leipzig: K.G. Saur,

2004].

Reviewed by Walt Stevenson in BMCR 2005.03.11 [Online].

Lefèvre, Francois, <<Alexandre et l’Amphictionie en 336/5>>, BCH 126.1 (2002=2003) 73-81.

Lush, Dean, <<Body armour in the phalanx of Alexander’s army>>, AncW 38.1 (2007) 15-37.

MALOUXOU, GEVRGIA E., <<X›oi katelyÒntew>>, HOROS 14-16 (2000-03=Spring 2004) 275-287.

Nagle, D. Brendan, <<The Cultural Context of Alexander’s Speech at Opis>>, TAPA 126 (1996) 151-172 [171-172: Bibliography].

NOTE. Nagle concentrates on and illuminates what Alexander said in that speech about his father Philip and Makedon. His detailed discussion shows how the part on Philip fits into the <<Greek Kulturgeschichte>> of the fifth/fourth centuries B.C. [27-2-2009]

Nawotka, Krzysztof, <<Freedom of the Greek Cities in Asia Minor in the Age of Alexander the Great>>, Klio 85.1 (2003) 15-41.

Roisman, Joseph, Brill’s Companion to Alexander the Great (2003).

SAATSOGLOU-PALIADELH, XRUSOULA, O Boukefãlaw tou

Al°jandrou, H KAYHMERINH, EPTA HMERES, KURIAKH 8 FEBROUARIOU 2004 [TO ALOGO / Sth FÊsh, ton MÊyo, thn T°xnh] 21-23.

Shahbazi, A. Shapur, “ Irano-Hellenic Notes 3. Iranians and Alexander,” AJAH 2.1 (2003) 5-38.

Speck, Henry, Alexander at the Persian Gates: A Study in Historiography and Topography, special issue in AJAH 1.1 [2002].

Stoneman, Richard, Alexander the Great. A Life in Legend [Yale University Press, New Haven, 2008].

Thomas, Carol G., Alexander the Great in His World [<<Blackwell Ancient Lives>>, Blackwell’s 2007], with black and white photographs.

This is a concise, informative and of an innovative nature of book on Alexander, with an attempt of reconstructing Alexander from a context of his times as book’s title indicates [that is, a reconstruction from an ancient point of view rather than from a modern one, which latter should be avoided]. Some <<oddities>>: Page 34, middle, misstatement/misinterpretation of <<Philippics I.4>> [=IX. Third Philippic 31]; what Demosthenes says there about Philip is that Philip is <<neither Greek, nor related to the Greeks, nor a barbarian from a place to be spoken well of, but a trouble making Macedonian, from a place whence no decent slave can be bought>> [this writer in ÉArx. ÉEfhmer‹w 1993 (1995) 21, under D, in PDF in this web site]; this misinterpretation of <<Philippics I.4>> [=IX. Third Philippic 31] is repeated on page 50, top. Page 37, map, Aigai misplaced. Another ghost from the past and kept alive is that Philip’s mother Eurydike was <<Illyrian and Lynkestian>> [top of page 56; repeated on 71, top; on 91, top; and again 184, 2^nd paragraph [see this writer’s article on Sirras, Eurydike’s father, in PDF in this web site]. An additional wandering ghost, and mostly of modern creation/concern, is the language of the Makedones; this appears on pages 121, bottom,122, lower half, 196, middle, and 197, top. However, the evidence to the present identifies the Makedones as Greek speakers, and the rest is idle speculation.

These are individual observations and not a review of the book.

Tritle, Lawrence A., under Heckel, Waldemar, and Tritle.

Tritle, Lawrence, under Heckel, Waldemar, and Tritle, Lawrence, eds., Alexander the Great, above.

Tritle, Lawrence, under Heckel, Waldemar, Tritle, Lawrence, Wheatley, Pat.

Tsimpouk€dhw, D., ÍpÚ GkafoÊrof, B., ka‹ Tsimpouk€dhw, D., ênv.

Wheatley, Pat, under Heckel, Waldemar, Tritle, Lawrence, Wheatley, Pat.

Wheatley, Pat, and Hannah, Robert, editors, Alexander & His Successors: Essays from the Antipodes [Regina Books, Claremont, CA, 2009].

Reviewed by Janice J. Gabbert in BMCR 2009.10.13 [Online].

Worthington, I.(an), <<Alexander the Great and the Greeks in 336? Another Reading of IG II² 329>>, ZPE 147 (2004) 59-71.

Yardley, J.C., under Heckel above.

Zahrnt, Michael, <<Von Siwa bis Persepolis. Überlegungen zur Arbeitsweise des Kallisthenes>>, Ancient Society 36 (2006) 143-174.

------------------------------------------

Fourth International Symposium on Alexander the Great, 3-6 April 2008, Clemson, SC: Philip II and Alexander III: Father, Son and Dunasteia =

http://people.clemson.edu/~elizab/Alexander%20conference.html

------------------------------------------

<<Alexander the Great: Disseminator of Greek Culture>> in Carl J. Richard, Twelve Greeks

and Romans Who Changed the World [Rowman Littlefield, April 2003].

-------------------------------------------

Burstein, Stanley M., “Prelude to Alexander: The Reign of Khababash,” AHB 14.4 (2000)

149-154.

Edwards, Rebecca M., “Two Horns, Three Religions: How Alexander the Great ended up

in the Quran”, APhA, 133^rd Annual Meeting Program (Philadelphia, 5 January 2002) 36, under Reception of Classical Literature, No. 5 [abstract, under APhA web site].

--------------------------------------------

FRANK L. HOLT, <<Alexander: Great Then, Grating Now>> in The Chronicle of Higher Education/ The Chronicle Review, 3 December 2004 [an

illumination of the many pitfalls in which one may fall when interpreting/recreating Alexander beyond the sources’ limits].

--------------------------------------------

KAYHMERINH, AFIERVMATA, ParaskeuÆ, 2 Noembr€ou 2007 [Online]: Mãikl Gount: Anazht≈ntaw ta Gaugãmhla / ÄEnaw apÒ touw diashmÒterouw BretanoÊw istorikoÊw

akolouye€ thn pore€a tou Magãlou Alejãndrou °vw to ped€o thw <<krisimÒterhw mãxhw thw arxaiÒthtow>>, Tou antapokritÆ maw sto Lond€no, Yanãsh GkaboÊ.

===================

Elias Kapetanopoulos

Professor Dr. (Greece-Rome)

Department of History

Central Connecticut State University

New Britain, CT 06050-4010 (USA)

Telephone:

(860) 832-2820 (office)

(860) 832-2804 (fax)

(860) 229-9960 (home)

E-mail: Kapetanopoulos@ccsu.edu

Web site: www.history.ccsu.edu/elias/elias.htm

Areas of Research: Attic epigraphy-Athenian institutions of the Roman period (200 B.C.-3rd c. A.D.), and early Makedon(ia)/Makedones.