Tain€a/f€lm/Film/ALLA

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Elias Kapetanopoulos

Professor Dr. (Greece-Rome)

Department of History

Central Connecticut State University

New Britain, CT 06050-4010 (USA)

Telephone:

(860) 832-2820 (office)

(860) 832-2804 (fax)

(860) 229-9960 (home)

E-mail: Kapetanopoulos@ccsu.edu

Web site: www.history.ccsu.edu/elias/elias.htm

Areas of Research: Attic epigraphy-Athenian institutions of the Roman period (200 B.C.-3rd c. A.D.), and early Makedon(ia): Makedones as Hellenes.

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CENTER FOR ATHENIAN-MAKEDONIAN STUDIES:

MAKEDONIS ST' > MAKEDONIS VI

ALEJANDROS > ALEXANDER = POIKILA > POIKILA

[20 Noembr€ou 1999 > 20 Nov. 1999 =] 28 Ma˝ou 2008 > 28 May 2008

A reconstruction of Deinokrates’ plan of sculpting Athos into Alexander from the Archive of Maps of the National Map Gallery and the Collection of the Mt. Athos/Agioreitikes Map Gallery. The photograph has been scanned from KAYHMERINH, KOINVNIA, 28 MA:I:OU 2006, sel. 32, Thw GIVTAS MURTSIVTH [05-06-2006].

Alexander by Theophilos of Mytilene/Lesbos (Popular Art).

Nikos Engonopoulos’ Alexander-Pavlos Melas (1977). KAYHMERINH, EPTA HMERES, KURIAKH 17 OKTVBRIOU 2004, 3. This particular painting is mentioned, for example, by Ian Worthington in his <<How ‘Great’ was Alexander?>> in AHB 13.2 (1999) 41. Alexander is represented with his left arm around Pavlos Melas’ shoulder(s). Melas/ M€khw Z°zaw (nom de plume) is the romantic/heroized hero of the Macedonian Struggle (MakedonikÚw ÉAg≈naw), who was killed at Statitsa/Statista/now Melas on the 13^th [/26^th] of October 1904, near Mikre Prespa, between Kastoria and Phlorina [EPTA HMERES, map on 15] (his position having been betrayed, Melas was mortally wounded in the clash that followed with Ottoman Turkish soldiers; his body was first buried at Statitsa, and from there headless in the courtyard of the Taxiarches small church at Kastoria; the head was cut off to avoid recognition and abuse). A dhmotikÚ/popular song memorialized Melas’ untimely death: <<Sån t°toia ≈ra sto bounÒ / o PaÊlow plhgvm°now / mew sto nerÒ tou aulakioÊ / Ætane japlvm°now. / ktl. [reproduced in EPTA HMERES, 2 and 27]. Melas is depicted faceless, as other figures in surrealist Engonopoulos’ paintings, but not Alexander whose helmet does not entirely obscure his facial features, such as eye and nose, discernible between the helmet’s <<facial>> opening. Engonopoulos’ faceless figures find an explanation in his poem ÉElmpassån [online, www.engonopoulos.gr/_homeEL/poem06.html, with an English translation in the English version of <<his>>/daughter’s web page, www.engonopoulos.gr, Epim°leia Erri°tth EggonopoÊlou]. Toward the end of the poem, Engonopoulos writes <<he saw people without eyes >> who <<disappeared like a dream as they turned the corner, only to reappear at the other corner in their sinister promenade>> [paraphrased] (Oﬂ ênyrvpoi aÈto‹ d¢n e‰xan mãtia! ..., p≈w mÒliw ¶striban tÆ gv/niã, xanÒntousan sãn ˆneiro... XanÒntousan, giå nå janafa/nervyoËn, pãle, stÆn êllh gvniã, épÉ ˜pou e‰xan jekinÆsei, / nå sunex€soun étãraxoi tÚ épa€sio sergiãni touw); and the poem ends, Kamiãn émfibol€a d° xvroËse piã. Miãn énÆkousth épã/th paizÒtan eﬁw bãrow mou. Katãlaba p≈w e‰xa p°sei én€deo / yËma miçw aﬁsxr∞w ka‹ tromerçw plektãnhw. ÉAm°svw énelo/g€syhn tÒ m°geyow toË ˜lou sfãlmatÒw mou, kãyhsa xãmv / ka€ ¶klaca pikrã.

ToË MPOST, KAYHMERINH, EPTA HMERES, KuriakÆ, 18 Ma˝ou 2003, sel. 5.

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ZEI ı basileÁw ÉAl°jandrow; Ze›.

From ERT Sat, Wednesday, 25 August 2004, between 9:30 and 9:44 PM, ALHYINA SENARIA, dhmosiografikØ parous€ash, N€kow Aslan€dhw, presenting ecotourist (oﬁkotourismÚw) facilities in the area of Basil€tsa-Polun°ri, NomÚw Greben«n, and the cave t«n Numf«n was mentioned, where Alexander spent time planning his campaigns in the East [a sÆragga=s∞ragj=tunnel also led down to the river below], as a local man so stated [see TUMFAIA, under http://www.history.ccsu.edu/elias/MakBibliogrMerosB.htm]. The scene then shifted to Mt. Pangaion=Pagga›on and the <<dasikÚ xvriÒ>> of about 15 finnish-type houses; a spÆlaion=cave there is called/identified as <<tÚ metalle›o toË ÉAl°jandrou>> [again as a local man said].

ON the same theme, a new legend about Alexander is being created/circulated in Pentalophos, ancient Orestis, because of finds in the area [under http://www.history.ccsu.edu/elias/TaliarosA.htm in this web site], namely that Alexander trained his soldiers in the area, because of the high altitude/cool weather and the •lonos€a=malaria that the Makedones would have had to face in the area of Pella [this writer heard it from the friend who imagined it, name omitted (first time, 22-8-04)].

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MAKEDONIKO PRAKTOREIO EIDHSEVN, TRITH, 1 IOUNIOU 2004

[Online]: MEGALH EKYESH GIA TO MEGA ALEJANDRO TO DEKEMBRIO TOU 2004 STH NEA UORKH/ N°a UÒrkh, 29 Ma˝ou,2004 (20:14 UTC+2). DhmÆtrhw PantermalÆw, énaforã, <<Al°jandrow basileÊw MakedÒnvn>>, Vnãseio PolitistikÒ K°ntro, <<OlÊmpik Tãouer>>.

Treasures from an Epic Era of Hellenism: <<Great Alexander in New York>> by Mark Rose in Archaeology, 13 January 2005 [Online: http://www.archaeology.org/online/reviews/alex_exh.html]. ERT Sat, ParaskeuÆ, 25 ÉIoun€ou 2004, below.

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O Al°jandrow tou RÆga, ELEUYEROTUPIA, ellãda, EPIMELEIA: GIVRGOS KIOUSHS =

http://www.enet.gr/online/online_text/c=112,dt=20.09.2006,id=53207796,58869876,75158004,81602420,95784180 [23 Septembr€ou 2006].

Rhegas’ Alexander, <<Xalkograf€a tou Megãlou Alejãndrou (1797)>>. TO BHMA, N°ew Epox°w, B€blouw katã barbãrvn, MANOLHS SABBIDHS, KURIAKH 23 IANOUARIOU 2005 [Online].

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Alexander in Stone. By chance, <<The GreekAmerican>>, JULY 7-8 2001, 21. <<Building

a monument to the Macedonian King>> (by Christopher Xenopoulos Janus). <<The carving of Alexander the Great’s head out of a marbled {=maabrled} mountain in the Asprovalta {=Asprovatta} region of Thessaloniki is expected to be completed by the year 2004>>, under the photograph of the mountain. Also a photograph of Alexander’s head out of the <<carved yet mountain>> [or how it would look when completed]. This is an area where <<Makedonismos>> is alive.

TO BHMA, NEES EPOXES, 20-10-2002 [KvdikÒw ãryrou: B13694B581] (Online): APOLITISTA MONOTONIKA / O ep€ tou Òrouw Al°jandrow / NÉ afÆsei Æsuxo o glÊpthw to bounÒ, giat€ ftãnei pou apotele€ mnhme€o thw Êbrhw enÒw ãllou basiliã [D. N. MARVNITHS].

TO BHMA, NEES EPOXES, 03-11-2002 [KvdikÒw ãryrou: B13705B561] (Online): Ellhnoamerikanikã tert€pia / * Kane€w den parãggeile ston glÊpth to megaloprep°w ãgalma: to pros°fere o €diow [D. N. MARVNITHS].

THE NEW YORK TIMES=Greece in Print No. 172 – September 2002, 20, 24, by Anthee Carassava: Plan for Alexander Statue Too Great for Many Greeks.

ELEUYEROTUPIA, T°xnew, 12/05/2003 [Online}: Ki ãlla d≈ra apÒ thnarxaiÒthta (érxaiologik¢w énakoin≈seiw épÚ tØn ÉArxaiologikØn ÑEtaire€an): <<.... kai xaraktÆrise [=B. PETRAKOS, gen. grammateÁw] <<sobarÒ zÆthma>> thn °kyesh tou Berol€nou ... kai thn anaggel€a thw lãjeushw thw protomÆw tou Megal°jandrou se bounÒ thw Makedon€aw>>. (BASILHS ROUBALHS)

AGALMA/ANDRIAS ALEJANDROU. ELEUYEROTUPIA, TEXNES,

TRITH, 14/05/02 [online]: O andriãntaw tou M. Alejãndrou sthn P°lla/ ApÉ to xartzil€ki tvn paidi«n [t«n sxole€vn]. ÉApokaluptÆria: 25 Ma˝ou 2002.

Alexander equestrian statue, Pella [over 6 meters with base, with winged victory in his right hand]. Reproduced from ELEUYEROTUPIA [double size].

AYHNAIKO PRAKTOREIO EIDHSEVN, 15/10/2002 [Online]: O K.

StefanÒpoulow sta egka€nia thw biblioyÆkhw Alejãndreiaw [xãlkinh protomØ toË Megãlou ÉAlejãndrou toË glÊpth Giãnnh Pappç xãrise tÚ Ípourge›o PolitismoË].

ASPIDA ALEJANDROU, ELEUYEROTUPIA, Tetãrth, 09-11-2005, t°xnew [Online]: N¢a asp‹da gia ton M¢ga Al¢jandro

/ Antikataståyhke xyew h asp‹da pou, Úpvw fa‹netai, eklåph, st‹w arx¢w Oktvbr‹ou, apÚ to ågalma tou Megålou Alejåndrou, sth n¢a paral‹a thw Yessalon‹khw:

ekathimerini.com=Tuesday November 8, 2005 – Archive: <<Alexander shielded / One of the three shields that was stolen from the statue

of Alexander the Great ... was replaced yesterday ... The Municipality of Thessaloniki commissioned sculptor Evangelos Moustakas, who built the statue, to make a replacement shield ... Moustakas placed the shield at the site on the city’s waterfront himself.>>

EYNOSonline, t°xnew, 23/5/2008: O M°gaw Al°jandrow... thw Ital€aw / Me y°ma th zvÆ tou h °kyesh tajideÊei ed≈ kai kairÒ kur€vw se x≈rew pou sxet€zontai me thn

ekstrate€a tou. / H zvÆ tou Megãlou Alejãndrou e€nai to y°ma periodikÆw °kyeshw pou ya filojenhye€ sto ArxaiologikÒ Mouse€o Yessalon€khw [TITLOS: <<M°gaw

Al°jandrow: Erga apÒ tiw Sullog°w thw Makedon€aw kai eikonograf€a tou mÊyou sthn Ital€a>>].

ELEUYEROTUPIA, ParaskeuØ 29/05/98, TEXNES (online): Kontå ston tãfo tou M. Alejãndrou.

ELEUYEROTUPIA, Deut°ra 29/11/1999 (online), ELLADA: PERSEPOLH.

ELEUYEROTUPIA, ParaskeuÆ, 1/6/2001 [TEXNES, online]: O tãfow tou Megal°jandrou [F. Mp.]

Presentation of the 2^nd improved edition of <<O IIow basilikÒw tãfow thw Berg€naw apokalÊptei ton M°ga Al°jandro>> (ekd. <<Yessalon€kh>>) by Triantãfullow D. Papaz≈hw, [dutiko] MakedÒnaw, pr≈hn strativtikÚw ka‹ melethtØw t∞w Berg€naw katå tØn 10€an toË É90. Previously published in 1993 under the title <<Ston F€lippo BÉ Æ ston M°ga Al°jandro anÆkei o basilikÒw tãfow thw Berg€naw;>>.

Thesis, as reported by F. Mp.: Tomb II does not belong to Philip II, but to Arridaios Philippos [this writer: as some others maintain, but there are serious obstacles to this view]. Philip II was buried in Tomb III. Later Antigonos Gonatas modified Tomb II and Alexander and Roxane were reburied there, as was Alexander IV, Alexander’s and Roxane’s son, in Tomb III.

Gordiod°smia.

Reproduced herein, under Makedonis I: Alexandros-Philippos-Kleitos o Melas.

ELEUYEROTUPIA, TRITH 16 OKTVBRIOU 2001: Sth Berg€na o tãfow tou

M. Alejãndrou! / Uposthr€zei o ereunhtÆw Tr. Papaz≈hw (ÍpÚ S. APOSTOLAKH). Eﬁk≈n: ÉAl°jandrow-Bouk°falow (Pompeii mosaic).

FVTOTUPIA.

ELEUYEROTUPIA, PEMPTH 13 DEKEMBRIOU 2001, TEXNES : O

<<M°gaw Al°jandrow>> tou Arãph sth MÒsxa/ To n°o °rgo tou suny°th DhmÆtrh D. Arãph <<M°gaw Al°jandrow>> ya parousiãsei se pagkÒsmia pr≈th h SumfvnikÆ tou Yeãtrou MpolsÒi, ……… T°low, o <<M°gaw Al°jandrow>> °xei sumperilhfye€ sto repertÒrio thw SumfvnikÆw OrxÆstraw tou yeãtrou MpolsÒi gia tiw periode€ew stiw HPA kai thn Apv AnatolÆ thn per€odo 2002-2003. [E-ONLINE]

ELEUYEROTUPIA, Deut°ra, 7/01/2002, T°xnew (E-ONLINE): <<Al°jandrow, o M°gaw>>, epitux€a sto MpolsÒi.

ELEUYEROTUPIA, PARASKEUH, 31-05-2002, TEXNES [E-ONLINE]: Sta

bÆmata tou M. Alejãndrou [ı Michael Wood stØn thleÒrash].

ET-3. 8 Septembr€ou 2002, KuriakÆ, 12:30. O M. Al°jandrow …… sth DutikØ

T°xnh [14ow–19ow ai≈naw]. ÖErga toË RafaÆl, Peter Paul Rubens, Honore Dannier, et alii [épÚ tå piÚ diãshma mouse›a t∞w EÈr≈phw]. Parous€asiw: Hl€aw Panãw.

H KAYHMERINH, KuriakØ 21 SEPTEMBRIOU 1997, 39: Advertisement by the

ORGANISMOS POLITISTIKHS PRVTEUOUSAS THS EURVPHS-YESSALONIKH 1997: "O M°gaw Al°jandrow sthn EurvpaÛkÆ T°xnh" - an ¶kyesiw (exhibition), exhibiting works by Le Brun, Antoine Coypel, Parmigianini, Preti, Tiepolo, Fontebasso, Solimena, Rubens, et alii.

H KAYHMERINH, KuriakØ 25 April€ou 1999, 49: Zei o basiliåw Al°jandrow.

H KAYHMERINH, PARASKEUH 12 OKTVBRIOU 2001, 7 (EPIKAIROTHTA).

H zvÆ me touw Kalãw, touw <<Ellhnew>> tou Pakistan / Anephr°astoi apÒ ton axÒ tou pol°mou, miloÊn gia touw MakedÒnew progÒnouw touw kai zoun thr≈ntaw kai tim≈ntaw tiw paradÒseiw touw (thw XRISTIANAS STULOU).

H KAYHMERINH, KuriakØ 14 OKTVBRIOU 2001, 4 (T°xnew & Grãmmata):

UPOYESEIS, tou PANTELH MPOUKALA: ApÒ ton Al°jandro ton MakedÒna ston Armagedd≈na (tÒte ka‹ nËn, sugkr€seiw).

H KAYHMERINH, KuriakØ 25 NOEMBRIOU 2001, T°xnew & Grãmmata, 12: H

ai≈nia gohte€a tou Megãlou Alejãndrou/ DÊo n°ew ekdÒseiw prosegg€zoun thn prosvphkÒthta tou parãjenou katakthtÆ o opo€ow, ep€ polloÊw ai≈new, prokale€ at°rmonew suzhtÆseiw/ Tou Daniel Rondeau/ L’ Express. EﬁkÒna: O M°gaw Al°jandrow sth mãxh thw IssoÊ. ChfidvtÒ thw Pomph€aw, ant€grafo °rgou tou FilÒjenou tou Eretri°a (Neãpolh, EynikÒ Mouse€o). Parousiãzei dÊo bibl€a giå tÚn ÉAl°jandron /Presents two books on Alexander:

Claude Mossé, Alexandre, la destinée d’ un mythe, ekd. Payot [Klont Mos°, to <<Peprvm°no enÒw mÊyou>>]

Janick Auberger, Historiens d’ Alexandre, ekd. Les Belles Lettres [Zan€k Omperz°, <<Istoriko€ tou Alejãndrou>>, epilogÆ-metãfrash]

H KAYHMERINH, PolitismÒw, ParaskeuÆ, 22 Febrouar€ou 2002 [On-line]:

Treiw kai °naw Megal°jandroi. Tre›w tain€ew ka‹ m€a thleoptikØ seirå per‹ ÉAlejãndrou [three movies and a TV mini-serial about Alexander [Oliver Stone, Martin Scorceze-Leonardo di Caprio, Mel Gibson (HBO)], and a fourth under consideration (Dino de Laurentis)]. ÑH toË ÉAlejãndrou époy°vsiw.

H KAYHMERINH, PolitismÒw, Tetãrth, 16 Oktvbr€ou 2002 [Online]: Sth

BiblioyÆkh thw Alejãndreiaw [protomØ toË Megãlou ÉAlejãndrou toË glÊpth Giãnnh Pappç (d«ron toË Ípourge€ou PolitismoË)].

MAKEDONIKO PRAKTOREIO EIDHSEVN, 15 Oktvbr€ou 2002 [Online]:

ERGO TOU GIANNH PAPPA PROSFEREI STH BIBLIOYHKH THS ALEJANDREIAS TO UPPO [protomØ toË Megãlou ÉAlejãndrou].

MAKEDONIKO PRAKTOREIO EIDHSEVN, 18 Oktvbr€ou 2002 [Online]:

EGKAINIA TOU AGALMATOS TOU M. ALEJANDROU (Alexandria, Egypt).

PALIN O TAFOS TOU ALEJANDROU. ELEUYEROTUPIA, TEXNES

[Online, 13/05/2002]: Per€ ton tãfo tou M. Alejãndrou/ Mia apãnthsh se sxÒlio kai mia antapãnthsh. Liãna SoubaltzÆ, O Tãfow tou Megãlou Alejãndrou sthn Òash S€oua [§kdÒthw: Advniw A. Gevrgiãdhw].

TA NEA, 09-03-1999, PANORAMA: Anazhtvntaw ton Al°jandro… (online).

TA NEA, 14-06-2001, Sel. P07 [online: Kvd. ãryrou: A17063P072]: Cãxnontaw

me thn kãmera gia ton tãfo tou Megãlou Alejãndrou [Brabeum°no ntokimant°r].

TA NEA, 25-10-2001, Sel. R12 [KvdikÒw ãryrou: A17176R121]. M°gaw e€sai

Al°jandre! Movies to be made about Alexander, with Leonardo di Caprio, etc.

TO BHMA, NEES EPOXES, 31-12-2000: I. STOGIAS, H xrusØ klhronomiå

tou Megãlou Alejãndrou [online: B13156B131].

ELEUYEROTUPIA, T°xnew, 16/01/2003 [Online]: Erxetai biogrãfow tou M.

Alejãndrou [≤ Gall‹w Klont Mos°: <<Al°jandrow, to peprvm°no enÒw mÊyou>>]. ÉAnt€baron t«n taini«n.

ELEUYEROTUPIA, T°xnew, 22/01/2003 (Online): Me d°ow gia ton M.

Al°jandro [BAS. ROU.]. TÚ bibl€o t∞w Klont Mos° (stå •llhnikã): << Al°jandrow. To peprvm°no enÒw mÊyou>>.

ELEUYEROTUPIA, TEXNES [Online, 08/02/2003]: Paidiã sta €xnh tou M.

Alejãndrou. <<Ta €xnh tou Megãlou Alejãndrou kaloÊntai na anazhtÆsoun paidiã hlik€aw 5 ≈w 12 et≈n thn KuriakÆ 16 Febrouar€ou m°sa apÒ to n°o diadrastikÒ d€sko tou IdrÊmatow Me€zonow EllhnismoÊ <<Anazht≈ntaw ton M°ga Al°jandro>>. …>>.

TA NEA, ORIZONTES, 10-02-2003, Sel. P23 [KvdikÒw ãryrou: A17561P232].

GamÆlio taj€di sta bÆmata tou Megãlou Alejãndrou (PARASKEUH KATAMERTZH). BIBLION (LEUKVMA): Kvnstant€now Mhtsãkhw, klp., <<Sta xnãria tou Megãlou Alejãndrou. OdoiporikÒ ston x≈ro kai thn Istor€a>> (EkdÒseiw Tsãllhw. Sel. 176. 38 eur≈).

TA NEA, ORIZONTES, 17-03-2003, Sel. P25 [KvdikÒw ãryrou: A17590P253]

(Online): <<Pagkosmiopo€sh>> kai M°gaw Al°jandrow [ÍpÒ ANTVNH SANOUDAKH, dra. toË Panepisthm€ou Yessalon€khw – suggraf°a].

TA NEA, ORIZONTES, 06-05-2003, Sel. P22 [KvdikÒw ãryrou: A17629P221]

(Online): ÄElleich enzÊmou n€khse ton M°ga Al°jandro [Lack of an enzyme killed Alexander], as argued by four Greek university medical scholars [3 of psychiatry -1 of medical history]. Their views will be published in Addiction History 98 [a British medical journal], as reported by STEFANOS KRIKKHS.

TA NEA, BIBLIODROMIO, 17-05-2003, Sel. P31 [KvdikÒw ãryrou:

A17639P311] (Online): H Klont Mos° jeskepãzei thn cuxopayolog€a maw / Zei o basiliãw Al°jandrow;