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<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>

Elias Kapetanopoulos

Professor Dr. (Greece-Rome)

Department of History

Central Connecticut State University

New Britain, CT 06050-4010 (USA)

Telephone:

(860) 832-2820 (office)

(860) 832-2804 (fax)

(860) 229-9960 (home)

E-mail: Kapetanopoulos@ccsu.edu

Home Page: http://www.history.ccsu.edu/elias/elias.htm

Areas of Research: Attic epigraphy-Athenian institutions of the Roman period (200 B.C.-3rd c. A.D.), and early Makedon(ia): Makedones as Hellenes.

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The Greek font is Athenian [+Unicode]. All rights reserved.

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CENTER FOR ATHENIAN-MAKEDONIAN STUDIES:

 

MAKEDONIS HÉ = MAKEDONIS VIII

MEROS AÉ = PART I > FILIPPOS BÉ = PHILIP II

29 IANOUARIOU/JANUARY 1999=6 DEKEMBRIOU/DECEMBER 1999 = 19 Febrouar€ou 2008 > 19 February 2008 

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Miniature, ivory portrait of Philip II [Philip II’s tomb].                                 Miniature, ivory portrait of Amyntas III, Philip’s father. M. ANDRONIKOS, BERGINA. OI BASILIKOI TAFOI (AYHNA 1989) 130, ér. 86.

                                   

Philippos B’

Silver coin of Philip II (FILIP/POU).

Theatron. Two photographs side by side superimposed below.

Theatron at Aigai (Vergina) [two superimposed pictures (above), scanned by this writer who took them on the 4th of Oct. 2001], where Philip II was assassinated by Pausanias in the summer of 336 B.C.

Philip II’s tomb, with façade of hunting scene (Bergina). 

Philip II from the façade above [from TO BHMA].  It is surely Philip(pos), as his damaged, right eye has been hidden from the viewer.

Young Alexander in the façade above [to the left of Philip II].

Alexander in the façade above [to the left of Philip II] (from TO BHMA); below, Alexander. Sidon sarcophagus.

Alexander.  Sidon sarcophagus. [scanned by Dave Gartner, Graduate Assistant, from Margaret Bieber, Alexander the Great in Greek and Roman Art (Argonaut, Chicago 1964) Pl. XVIII, 34 a-b]. These heads/faces of Alexander resemble in a way Alexander’s face in the façade above, which lends support to the identification of the tomb as that of Philip II.

 

BIBLIOGRAFIA FILIPPOU – PHILIP BIBLIOGRAPHY

 

The bibliography is selective, as publications-views by others can be traced through the references below. 

Kapetanopoulos, Elias, "Philip II's Assassination and Funeral", TheAncWorld 27.1 (1996) 81-87.

Page 84 [POxy XV 1798, frgs. 1+17]

[--------------------]

[-- tÒte d¢ Pausan€aw]

[prosdram«n mãxairai]

[F€lippon éne›le: Fil€p]-

[pou d¢ yanÒntow, ÉAl°]-           (4)

[jandrow] toÁw M[a]k[edÒ]-

[naw §n y]eãt[r]vi ka[‹]

[toÁw êll]ouw ép°[lu]-

[se v tØn d]¢ per‹ yrÒn[vi]         (8)

[aÈt«i Ïbr]in to›w M[a]-

[kedÒsi p]ar°dvke t[e€sa]-

[syai: fon°a dÉ] épetupãn[i]-

[san êrdh]n v tÚ d¢ s«m[a]        (12)

[toË te Fil]€ppou yera-

[e€ai loËs]ai par°dvk[e]:

[to›w d¢ p]er‹ tØn ta[fØn]

[purån kat]ask[e]uãze[in]          (16)

[e‰pe: sunnenhm°]nhw d¢

[t∞w purçw jÊlv]n §lat€-

              vacat

[nvn jhr«n, ktl. ------]

Dotted letters.  Lines 5 (t, k), 6 (e, t, 2nd a), 8 (y, n), 9 (1st i, M), 10 (a, t), 11 (n), 12 (n, m), 13 (i), 14 (1st a, k), 15 (n, a), 16 (1st a, u, e), 17 (n), and 18 (n).

Translation [page 87]:

-[at that moment, Pausanias

rushing forth with a knife killed

Philip.  Philip having died, Alexander]

dismissed the Makedones and the

others (who were) in the theater.

(At the same time) he allowed (par°dvke)

the Makedones to punish the hybris

(committed) against the throne.  (Thereupon)

they cruelly killed (épetupãnisan) the murderer.

(As to) Philip’s body, he turned it over

to the retinue to wash (and prepare

for burial).  And he ordered (e‰pe)

those who were in charge of the burial

to build a pyre.  When the pyre had

been built of dry, fir wood, etc.

Cf. Sophokles, Antigone, lines 1199-1205: ka‹ tÚn m°n [=Polune€khn], afitÆsantew §nod€an yeÚn / PloÊtvnã tÉ Ùrgåw eÈmene›w katasxiye›n, / loÊsantew ègnÚn loutrÒn, §n neospãsin / yallo›w ˘ dØ Él°leipto sugkatπyomen, / ka‹ tÊmbon ÙryÒkranon ofike€aw xyonÚw / x≈santew aÔyiw prÚw liyÒstrvton kÒrhw / numfe›on ÜAidou ko›lon efiseba€nomen.

NOTE the neospãsin yallo›w for the pyre; wood apparently didn’t have to be dry [jÊla jhrå], and jÊla xlvrå may have been more appropriate for such an occasion [cf. also Patroklos’ pyre in Bk. 23 of the Iliad].

Addenda:

Aristotle, POLITIKA, 1311a-b: …, §peboÊleusan d¢ ka‹ Periãndrƒ t“ §n

ÉAmbrak€& turãnnƒ diå tÚ sump€nonta metå t«n paidik«n §rvt∞sai aÈtÚn efi ≥dh §j aÈtoË kÊei: ≤ d¢ Fil€ppou ÍpÚ Pausan€ou diå tÚ §çsai Íbrisy∞nai aÈtÚn ÍpÚ t«n per‹ ÖAttalon, ka‹ ≤ ÉAmÊntou toË mikroË ÍpÚ D°rda diå tÚ kauxÆsasyai efiw tØn ≤lik€an aÈtoË, ka‹ ≤ toË eÈnoÊxou EÈagÒr& t“ Kupr€ƒ, ktl.

Valerius Maximus, I.8.9: Eodem oraculo Macedonum rex Philippus

admonitus ut a quadrigae uiolentia salutem suam custodiret, toto regno disiungi currus iussit eumque locum, qui in Boeotia Quadriga uocatur, semper uitauit. nec tamen denuntiatum periculi genus effugit: nam Pausanias in capulo gladii, quo eum occidit, quadrigam habuit caelatam.

Cf. Slowikowski, Synthia Sydnor, Sport and culture in the ancient Macedonian society [a Pennsylvania  State University dissertation, 1988=UMI Dissertation Services, 1996] 96-97.

Justin IX.5.7. Extra hanc summam et Macedoniae exercitus erant et confinis domitarum gentium barbaria. (8) Initio veris tres duces in Asiam Persarum iuris praemittit, (9) Parmenionem, Amyntam et Attalum,

cuius sororem nuper expulsa Alexandri matre Olympiade propter stupri suspitionem in matrimonium receperat.

6.1. Interea, dum auxilia a Graecia coeunt, nuptias Cleopatrae filiae et Alexandri, quem regem Epiri fecerat, celebrat. (2) Dies erat pro magnitudine duorum regum, et conlocantis filiam et uxorem ducentis, apparatibus insignis. (3) Sed nec ludorum magnificentia deerat; ad quorum spectaculum Philippus cum sine custodibus corporis medius inter duos Alexandros, filium generumque, (4) contenderet, Pausanias, nobilis ex Macedonibus adulescens, nemini suspectus, occupatis angustiis Philippum in transitu obtruncat diemque laetitiae destinatum foedum luctu funeris facit. (5) Hic primis pubertatis annis stuprum per iniuriam passus ab Attalo fuerat, cuius indignitati haec etiam foeditas accesserat. (6) Nam perductum in convivium solutumque mero Attalus non suae tantum, verum et convivarum libidini velut scortorum iure subiecerat ludibriumque omnium inter aequales reddiderat. (7) Hanc rem aegre ferens Pausanias querelam Philippo saepe detulerat. (8) Cum variis frustrationibus non sine risu differretur et honoratum insuper ducatu adversarium cerneret, iram in ipsum Philippum vertit ultionemque, quam ab adversario non poterat, ab iniquo iudice exegit.

7.1. Creditum est etiam inmissum ab Olympiade, matre Alexandri, fuisse, nec ipsum Alexandrum ignarum paternae caedis extitisse; (2) quippe non minus Olympiada repudium et praelatam sibi Cleopatram quam stuprum Pausaniam doluisse. (3) Alexandrum quoque regni aemulum fratrem ex noverca susceptum timuisse; eoque factum, ut in convivio antea primum cum Attalo, (4) mox cum ipso patre iurgaret, adeo ut etiam stricto gladio eum Philippus consectatus sit aegreque a filii caele amicorum precibus exoratus. (5) Quamobrem Alexander ad avunculum se in Epirum cum matre, inde ad reges Illyriorum contulerat; (6) vixque revocanti mitigatus est patri precibusque cognatorum aegre redire conpulsus. (7) Olympias quoque fratrem suum Alexandrum, Epiri regem, in bellum subornabat pervicissetque, ni filiae nuptiis pater generum occupasset. (8) His stimulis irarum utrique Pausaniam de inpunitate stupri sui querentem ad tantum facinus inpulisse creduntur. (9) Olympias certe fugienti percussori etiam equos habuit praeparatos. (10) Ipsa deinde audita regis nece cum titulo officii ad exequias cucurrisset, in cruce pendentis Pausaniae capiti eadem nocte, qua venit, coronam auream inposuit, quod nemo alius audere nisi haec superstite Philippi filio potuisset. (11) Paucos deinde post dies refixum corpus interfectoris super reliquias mariti cremavit et tumulum ei eodem fecit in loco parentarique eidem quotannis incussa populo superstitione curavit. (12) Post haec Cleopatram, a qua pulsa Philippi matrimonio fuerat, in gremio eius prius filia interfecta, finire vitam suspendio coegit; spectaculoque pendentis ultionem potita est, ad quam per parricidium festinaverat. (13) Novissime gladium illum, quo rex percussus est, Apollini sub nomine Myrtales consecravit, hoc enim nomen ante Olympiadis parvulae fuit. (14) Quae omnia ita palam facta sunt, ut timuisse videatur, ne facinus ab ea commissum non probaretur.

8.1. Decessit Philippus XL et septem annorum, cum annis XXV regnasset. (2) Genuit ex Larissaea saltatrice filium Arridaeum, qui post Alexandrum regnavit. (3) Habuit et multos alios filios ex variis matrimoniis regio more susceptos, qui partim fato, partim ferro periere. (4) Fuit rex armorum quam conviviorum apparatibus studiosior, (5) cui maximae opes erant instrumenta bellorum; divitiarum quaestu quam custodia sollertior. (6) Itaque inter cotidianas rapinas semper inops erat. (7) Misericordia in eo et perfidia pari iure dilectae. Nulla apud eum turpis ratio vincendi. (8) Blandus pariter et insidiosus, adloquio qui plura promitteret quam praestaret; in seria et iocos artifex. (9) Amicitias utilitate, non fide colebat. Gratiam fingere in odio, instruere inter concordantes odia, apud utrumque gratiam quaerere sollemnis illi consuetudo. (10) Inter haec eloquentia et insignis oratio, acuminis et sollertiae plena, ut nec ornatui facilitas nec facilitati inventionum deesset ornatus. (11) Huic Alexander filius successit et virtute et vitiis patre maior. (12) Itaque vincendi ratio utrique diversa. Hic aperta, ille artibus bella tractabat. Deceptis ille gaudere hostibus, hic palam fusis. (13) Prudentior ille consilio, hic animo magnificentior. (14) Iram pater dissimulare, plerumque etiam vincere; hic ubi exarsisset, nec dilatio ultionis nec modus erat. (15) Vini nimis uterque avidus, sed ebrietatis diversa vitia. Patri mos erat etiam de convivio in hostem procurrere, manum conserere, periculis se temere offerre; Alexander non in hostem, sed in suos saeviebat. (16) Quam ob rem saepe Philippum vulneratum proelia remisere, hic amicorum interfector convivio frequenter excessit. (17) Regnare ille cum amicis nolebat, hic in amicos regna exercebat. Amari pater malle, hic metui. (18) Litterarum cultus utrique similis. Sollertiae pater maioris, hic fidei. (19) Verbis atque oratione Philippus, hic rebus moderatior. (20) Parcendi victis filio animus et promptior et honestior. Frugalitati pater, luxuriae filius magis deditus erat. (21) Quibus artibus orbis imperii fundamenta pater iecit, operis totius gloriam filius consummavit.

(Text, Teubner 1985, ed. Otto Seel)

Itinerarium Alexandri XII (ed. K. Müller [Chicago 1979]) 156.

Curtius, III.7.11. Erat in exercitu regis Sisines [=sisenes A] Perses; quondam a praetore Aegypti missus ad Philippum donisque et omni honore cultus, exilium patria

sede mutaverat, secutus deinde in Asiam Alexandrum, inter fideles socios habebatur. (12-15) Letter/Cretan/Nabarzanes/urging to kill Alexander/letter in Alexander’s hands/Cretans kill Sisines.

IV.7.27: Post haec institit [=Alexander] quaerere an omnes parentis sui interfectores poenas dedissent. Sacerdos [=Zeus Ammon] parentem eius negat ullius scelere posse violari, Philippi autem omnes luisse supplicia; adiecit, invictum fore donec excederet ad deos. Under VI.11.23-26 below.

IV.10.3: Dis invitis in ultimas terraas trahi se querebantur; ...; in unius hominis iactationem tot milium sanguinem impendi, fastidio esse patriam, abdicari Philippum patrem, caelum vanis cogitationibus petere regem [=petere iam A]. (Makedones to Alexander)

V.9.1: Haec dicente Dareo, praesentis periculi species omnium simul corda animosque horrore perstrinxerat, nec aut consilium suppetebat aut vox, cum Artabazus, vetustissimus amicorum, quem hospitem fuisse Philippi supra [=saepe A] diximus: “...”. VI.5.1-2: Iamque ultima Hyrcaniae intraverat, cum Artabazus, quem Dareo fidissimum fuisse supra diximus, cum propinquis Darei ac suis liberis modicaque Graecorum militum manu occurrit. (2) Dextram venienti obtulit rex; quippe et hospes Philippi fuerat, cum Ocho regnante exsularet, et hospitii pignora in regem suum ad ultimum fides conservata vincebat.

VI.11.23-26: “...: ‘Hunc igitur regem agnoscimus,’ inquit [=Hegelochus], ‘qui  Philippum dedignatur patrem? ... Quis proavum huius Alexandrum, quis deinde Archelaum, quis Perdiccan occisos ultus est? Hic quidem interfectoribus patris ignovit. ...”. Philotas at his trial; under IV.7.27 above.

X.5. (29) …, (30) iam pietas erga parentes, quorum Olympiada immortalitati consecrare decreverat, (31) Philippum ultus erat, iam in omnes fere amicos benignitas, …

Lucian, NEKRIKOI DIALOGOI, 386, 4. Alexander:tØn érxØn tetaragm°nhn kat°sxon ka‹ toÁw fon°aw toË patrÚw met∞lyon.

Plutarch, Alexander 10.4:  ÉEpe‹ d¢ Pausan€aw ÉAttãlou gn≈m˙ ka‹

Kleopãtraw Íbrisye‹w ka‹ mØ tux∆n d€khw éne›le F€lippon, tÚ m¢n ple›ston efiw ÉOlumpiãda t∞w afit€aw peri∞lyen, …w yumoum°nƒ t“ nean€skƒ prosegkeleusam°nhn ka‹ parojÊnasan, ¶yige d° tiw ka‹ ÉAlejãndrou diabolÆ. l°getai går §ntuxÒntow aÈt“ toË Pausan€ou metå tØn Ïbrin §ke€nhn ka‹ épodurom°nou proen°gkasyai tÚ t∞w Mhde€aw fiambe›on:

tÚn dÒnta ka‹ gÆmanta ka‹ gamoum°nhn.

oÈ mØn éllå ka‹ toÁw sunait€ouw t∞w §pibol∞w énazhtÆsaw §kÒlase, ka‹ tØn Kleopãtran épodhmoËntow aÈtoË t∞w ÉOlumpiådow »m«w metaxeirisam°nhw ±ganãkthse.

Plutarh, Alexander 27. 3-4:ÉEpe‹ d¢ diejely∆n tØn ¶rhmon ∑ken (=ÉAl°jandrow) efiw

tÚn tÒpon, ı m¢n profÆthw aÈtÚn ı ÖAmmvnow épÚ toË yeoË xa€rein, …w épÚ patrÒw, prose›pen: ı d¢ §pÆreto mÆ tiw aÈtÚn e‡h diapefeug∆w t«n toË patrÚw fon°vn. /eÈfhme›n d¢ toË profÆtou keleÊsantow, oÈ går e‰nai pat°ra ynhtÚn aÈt“, metabal∆n §punyãneto, toÁw Fil€ppou fone›w efi pãntaw e‡h tetimvrhm°now: eÂta per‹ t∞w  érx∞w, …. xrÆsantow d¢ toË ye0Ë ka‹ toËto didÒnai ka‹ F€lippon ép°xein ¶kplev tØn d‹khn, ktl.

Plutarch, PERI TOU EI TOU EN DELFOIS, 385 C: “…, efikÒtvw tå

pollå t«n per‹ tÚn yeÚn ¶oiken afin€gmasi katakekrÊfyai, ka‹ lÒgon tinå poyoËnta diå t€ ka‹ didaskal€an t∞w afit€aw: oÂon §p‹ toË purÚw toË éyanãtou, tÚ ka€esyai mÒnon aÈtÒyi t«n jÊlvn §lãthn, ka‹ dãfnhn §piyumiçsyai, ka‹ tÚ dÊo Mo€raw fldrËsyai pantaxoË tri«n nomizom°nvn, …” [Ammonios speaking]

§lãthn – cf. [jÊlv]n §lat€/[nvn] in AncW 27.1 (1996) 84, lines 18-19 [above].

Arrian, I.25: (1) ÖEti d¢ aÈt“ per‹ tØn Fashl€da ˆnti

§jagg°lletaiÉAl°jandron tÚn ÉAerÒpou §pibouleÊein, tã te êlla t«n •ta€rvn ˆnta ka‹ §n t“ tÒte Yessal«n t∞w ·ppou êrxonta. ∏n m¢n dØ ı ÉAl°jandrow o‘tow édelfÚw ÑHrom°nouw te ka‹ ÉArraba€ou t«n junepilabÒntvn t∞w sfag∞w t∞w Fil€ppou: (2) ka‹ tÒte afit€an sxÒnta aÈtÚn ÉAl°jandrow éf∞ken, ˜ti §n pr≈toiw te éf€keto t«n f€lvn parÉ aÈtÒn, §peidØ F€lippow §teleÊthse, ka‹ tÚn y≈raka sunendÁw sunhkoloÊyhsen aÈt“ efiw tå bas€leia: Ïsteron d¢ ka‹ §n timª émfÉ aÍtÚn e‰xe, ...

Arrian, II.14.5: toË d¢ patrÚw époyanÒntow ÍpÚ t«n §pibouleusãntvn, oÏw Íme›w sunetãjate, ktl. (Alexander to Darius).

Anecdota Graeca, ed. John A. Cramer, II (Hildesheim 1967=1839) 8, PERI

EPIBOULVN KATA BASILEVN GEGONUIVN: §kkope‹w (=F€lippow) prÒteron tÚn dejiÚn ÙfyalmÒn, ÍpÚ Pausan€ou toË ÍpaspistoË diafye€retai §n yeãtrƒ: kinÆse≈w te meg€sthw t«n strativt«n §p‹ t“ yanãtƒ toÊtou genom°nhw, ¶meinen ≤ érxØ tetraet€an gumnÆ.

Ox. Papyri 56 (1989) 7 (under 3823), P. Ox. 12: toÊtv[n] katå tÚn pr«/ton

F€lippow ı t«n  Ma/kedÒn[vn] basile[Á]w én˙/r°yh Íp[Ú P]ausan€ou [•]/nÚw t«n dorufÒrvn. k[a‹]/ died°jato aÈtÚn ı uflÚw/ ÉAl°jandrow=FGrH IIB (1929) 1155, lines 1-3 [Chronik v. Oxyrhynchos (P. Ox. 12]: ∑rxon d' ÉAyÆ/nhsi Pu[yÒd]hlow EÈa€ne/tow Kth[sikl]∞[w] Nikokrã/thw. toÊtvn katå tÚn pr«/ton F€lippow, ktl.

Josephus, Jewish Ant. 11.304 (viii.1): katå toËton dØ tÚn kairÚn ka‹ F€lippow

ı t«n MakedÒnvn basileÁw §n Afiga›w ÍpÚ Pausan€ou toË Kerãstou §k d¢ toË t«n ÉOrest«n g°nouw dolofonhye‹w ép°yanen. paralab∆n d' ı pa›w aÈtoË tØn basile€an ÉAl°jandrow, ktl.

LoebCL, annotatio: Afig°aiw P : Afiga€aiw FLVW : Aegeis Lat.

Jewish Ant. 19.95 (i.13): ımologe›tai d¢ ka‹ tØn ≤m°ran §ke€nhn gen°syai, §n √ F€lippon tÚn ÉAmÊntou MakedÒnvn basil°a kte€nei Pausan€aw eÂw t«n •ta€rvn efiw tÚ y°atron efisiÒnta.

tØn ≤m°ran §ke€nhn gen°syai – Gaius Caligula’s murder [actually on VIIII .Kal.Febr. = 24 January A.D. 41 (Philip probably died in the month of Daisios – early in the summer; cf. C.B. Welles, Diodorus, Loeb VIII, 100, note 1: IG II2 240)].  See Suetonius below.

Polyainos, STRATHGHMATA, Bk. IV, ed. Ioannes Melber (Teubner 1970) 159-166, 2. F€lippow.

Suetonius, C. Caligula, 57.4: Sacrificans respersus est phoenicopteri sanguine; et

pantomimus Mnester tragoediam  saltavit, quam olim Neoptolemus tragoedus ludis, quibus rex Macedonum Philippus occisus est, egerat; et cum in Laureolo mimo, etc.

Synkellos, Georgios, Chronographia, P. 260, C-D: MakedÒnvn kgÉ §bas€leuse

F€lippow ¶th kgÉ … Otow (=F€lippow) doye‹w prÚw ımhre€an efiw YÆbaw …, basileÊsaw d¢ ˆntvw meti∆n to›w prãgmasin: ˜yen ka‹ tØn MakedÒnvn érxØn megãlvw hÎjhse. toÊtou d¢ énairey°ntow ÍpÚ Pausan€ou ÉAl°jandrow pa›w aÈtoË §bas€leusen ı P°rsaw katapolemÆsaw. [ed. W. Dindorf, 1829]

Synkellos, Georgios, p. 261, D [=Porphyrios Tyrios=FGH III]

TÒte ka‹ ÉAyhna€oiw sp°ndetai basileÊsaw [=F€lippow], …w prol°lektai, ¶th kgÉ, ka‹ énaireye‹w ÍpÚ Pausan€ou katå tØn riÉ [leg. riaÉ. mgo : ryÉ e Sync. computo] Ùlumpiãda érxom°nhn, kayÉ ∂n ÉAl°jandrow pa›w §bas€leue MakedÒnvn. Metå går tÚn pat°ra F€lippon énad°deiktai katå tÚ pr«ton ¶tow Dare€ou ÉArsãmou Pers«n basil°vw, metå KËron gegonÒtow.

Zonaras, 4.9 B [PI185], ed. L. Dindorf, I (Teubner 1868): Pausan€ou d¢ tÚn F€lippon kte€nantow par°labe tØn basile€an e‡kosi tugxãnvn §t«n [=ÉAl°jandrow].

EPITOMH, Brad L. Cook, <<The Essential Philip of Macedon: A Byzantine Epitome of His Life>>, GRBS 45.2 (2005) 189-211 [epitome, page 194].

---------------------------

ADAIOU.         ÉHmay€hn ˘w pr«tow §w êrea b∞sa F€lippow

Afiga€hn ke›mai b«lon §fessãmenow,

=°jaw oÂÉ oÎpv basileÁw tÚ pr€n. efi d° tiw aÈxe›

me›zon §meË, ka‹ toËyÉ a·matow ≤met°rou.

The Greek Anthology. The Garland of Philip, etc., eds. A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, I (Cambridge 1968) 6, IV.

GEMINOU:        otow ı Kekrop€daisi barÁw l€yow ÖAreÛ ke›mai,

je›ne, Filippe€hw sÊmbolon ±nor°hw,

 Íbr€zvn Maray«na ka‹ égxiãlou Salam›now

¶rga Makhdon€hw ¶gxesi keklim°na.

 ˆmnue nËn n°kuaw, DhmÒsyenew: aÈtår ¶gvge

ka‹ zvo›w ¶somai ka‹ fyim°noisi barÊw.

The Greek Anthology. The Garland of Philip, etc., eds. A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, I (Cambridge 1968) 262, II.

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BIOS ALEJANDROU, ed. W. Kroll [Berlin 1958] 23-25: I.24-25.1:

âHn d° tiw Pausan€aw ÙnÒmati, m°gaw énØr <ka‹> ploÊsiow YessalonikeÊw, ple€sthn dÊnamin ka‹ megãlhn per‹ •autÚn ¶xvn. Otow ±rãsyh ÉOlumpiãdow ka‹ p°mpei toÁw dunam°nouw aÈtØn pe›sai, ˜pvw katale€casa tÚn F€lippon aÈt“ gamhyª. oÈ kat°neusen ≤ ÉOlumpiåw §n toÊtƒ. §piboul€an oÔn meletò ı Pausan€aw punyanÒmenow per‹ toË ÉAlejãndrou, efi êra eÏroi aÈtÒn pote épodhmoËnta. ka‹ dØ xrÒnou §mpesÒntow ka‹ §p‹ pÒlemon ˆntow toË ÉAlejãndrou e‡w tinaw pÒleiw ka‹ ég≈nvn §piteloum°nvn yumelik«n, may∆n ı Pausan€aw tÚn ÉAl°jandron épodhmoËnta ka‹ tÚn F€lippon ˆnta §n ta›w yevr€aiw §p°rxetai jifÆrhw ka‹ bãllei tØn lÒgxhn katå toË Fil€ppou ka‹ hÈstÒxhse katå t∞w pleurçw pl∞jai: oÈk én˙r°yh d¢ parautã. g€netai oÔn yroËw oÈk Ùl€gow §n tª pÒlei: ı d¢ Pausan€aw ¶speusen efiselye›n efiw tå bas€leia ¶ti z«ntow toË Fil€ppou, boulÒmenow èrpãsai tØn ÉOlumpiãda. ka‹ dØ efis∞lyen ¶ti §mpn°ontow toË Fil€ppou §sxãtƒ pneÊmati ka‹ Ùdunvm°nou mçllon Íp¢r tØn ÙdÊnhn ∏w e‰xe plhg∞w, ëma d¢ ofim≈zontow ka‹ st°nontow, ˜ti ¶ti z«ntow aÈtoË ≤ toÊtou gunØ efiw ßteron êndra §numfeÊeto metå poll∞w t∞w b€aw. ëma d¢ ka‹ §peyÊmei tÚn ÉAl°jandron fide›n §n poll“ xrÒnƒ §kdhmÆsanta, memnhm°now aÈtoË ka‹ t∞w égxino€aw ka‹ t∞w §n aÈt“ éndre€aw, l°gvn to›w metÉ aÈtoË, ˜ti ‘toË ÉAlejãndrou parÒntow oÈk §pexe€rhsen ín §xyrÚw katå toË patrÚw ka‹ t∞w mhtrÚw aÈtoË ti poi∞sai. efi d¢ ka‹ §pexe€rhsen épÚ kak∞w gen°sevw parelasye€w, §teleÊta. nËn d¢ metå poll∞w ÙdÊnhw ka‹ éyum€aw ple€sthw tã ¶sxata toË b€ou ımil«. Ím›n d¢ l°gv: §lyÒntow toË ufloË mou ÉAlejãndrou e‡pate aÈt“, ˜ti ı patÆr sou F€lippow éjio› §kdikhy∞nai diå t∞w §mbriyoËw sou xeirÚw tÒn te aÈtoË yãnaton ka‹ tØn ÉOlumpiãdow t∞w mhtrÒw sou èrpagÆn.’

AÈtª d¢ tª ≤m°r& efisÆrxeto nenikhk∆w ~ émfo›n ı ÉAl°jandrow, ka‹ fid∆n megãlhn taraxØn §jetãzei, t€ tÚ a‡tion, ka‹ manyãnei tÚ gegenhm°non, ˜ti ı Pausan€aw ¶sv ∑n §n to›w basile€oiw. efis°rxetai d¢ metå t«n paraspist∆n ka‹ ırò tÚn Pausan€an mesolelabhkÒta tØn ÉOlumpiãda. krat«n d¢ tØn dibol€da §boÊleto katÉ aÈtoË §kkont€zein, éllÉ §dedo€kei, mØ êra sunanaireyª ≤ ÉOlumpiãw. may≈n oÔn per‹ toË patrÒw, ˜ti ¶ti zª, prosagag∆n aÈt“ tÚn Pausan€an ¶fh: ‘ÜHkv pãter émeibÒmenow toÁw §xyroÊw sou. z∞yi basileË, éyãnatÒn soi §st‹ tÚ ˆnoma: bl°pe tÚn §xyrÚn Pausan€an dedem°non parest«tã soi ka‹ tromãzonta.’ Bl°caw d¢ efiw aÈtÚn ı F€lippow ka‹ mhk°ti dunãmenow l°gein diå tØn toË a·matow ¶kxusin ka‹ tØn éton€an perilabÒmenow aÈtÚn <ka‹> katafilÆsaw ¶neuse j€fow aÈt“ doy∞nai. dedvkÒtow d¢ aÈt“ toË ÉAlejãndrou poie› t“ Pausan€& kair€an ta›w fid€aiw xers‹ plhgØn ka‹ énaire› aÈtÚn parautã. proaposte€law tÚn §xyrÒn, yçtton •autÚn énarr≈saw ı F€lippow diå tØn parous€an ÉAlejãndrou ka‹ tØn §n tãxei §kd€khsin e‰pe: ‘T°knon ÉAl°jandre, s¢ d°doktai kosmokrãtora e‰nai: mnhmÒneue toË patrÒw sou Fil€ppou ka‹ mØ épãrnhsa€ me pat°ra sou kale›n: §moË går tÚ peprvm°non peplÆrvtai.’ TaËta efip∆n §j°lipe tÚ pneËma. yrhn«n d¢ aÈtÚn ÉAl°jandrow e‰pe: ‘Pãter basileË basil°vn F€lippe, §n tª zvª sou oÈde‹w katafronÆsaw sou §xãrh: ÍpÉ édejiobol€aw parapa€saw ı brax€vn sou épotuxØw Pausan€ou g°gone. p«w ép≈leto trvye‹w kosmokrãtvr; ı KÊklvc Pausan€aw efiw yeoÊw se prÚ mo€raw par°pemcen, ⁄ ka‹ ≤ d€kh parautå tÚn ‡dion misyÚn épod°dvke.’ Ka‹ toËton <tÚn> yr∞non §peip≈n, kosmÆsaw aÈt“ tãfon polutel∞ kat°yeto tÚ skÆnvma aÈtoË, §pÉ aÈt“ t“ tãfƒ kayidrÊsaw naÒn. t∞w oÔn ÉOlumpiãdow sumforazoÊshw §p‹ t“ sumbebhkÒti ka‹ t«n MakedÒnvn étãktvw §xÒntvn paremuye›to aÈtoÁw  ≤ ÉAlejãndrou parous€a.

25.1: Ka‹ dØ meyÉ ≤m°raw efiw eÈstãyeian aÈt«n §lyÒntvn §nÆlleto ı ÉAl°jandrow efiw tÚn toË patrÚw éndriãnta ka‹ §bÒhse fvnª megãl˙ l°gvn: ...

Cf. also The Fragments of the Lost Historians of Alexander the Great, ed. K. Müller [Paris 1846=Chicago 1979] 24-25, Ps-Kallisthenes, I.24-25.1: âHn d° tiw §ke› Pausan€aw ˆnoma, énØr m°gaw ka‹ ploÊsiow sfÒdra, ka‹ §jãrxvn pãntvn Yessalonik°vn (1). Otow oÔn efiw §piyum€an §ly∆n ÉOlumpiãdow t∞w mhtrÚw ÉAlejãndrou, ¶pemce prÚw aÈtÆn tinaw …w dunam°nouw pe›sai aÈtØn katale›cai F€lippon tÚn êndra aÈt∞w ka‹ gamhy∞nai aÈt“, p°mcaw aÈtª xrÆmata pollã. T∞w d¢ ÉOlumpiãdow mØ kataneusãshw, §ly∆n Pausan€aw (2) ¶nya ∑n F€lippow, gnoÁw tÚn ÉAl°jandron §p‹ pÒlemon poreuy°nta, [efis∞lyen] ég«now teloum°nou yumelikoË, ka‹ toË Fil€pp(ou) [=ƒ] §n t“ ÉOlump€ƒ yeãtrƒ égvnoyetoËntow, §peis°rxetai jifÆrhw [ı Pausan€aw] efiw tÚ y°atron metå ka‹ •t°rvn genna€vn éndr«n énele›n boulÒmenow tÚn F€lippon, ·na tØn ÉOlumpiãda èrpãs˙, ka‹ §pibåw aÈtÚn ¶plhjen aÈtÚn j€fei katå pleurãn, oÈ (m°ntoi) énªren aÈtÒn. G€netai oÔn yrÊllow m°gaw §n t“ yeãtrƒ.  ÑO oÔn Pausan€aw ¶speusen efiw tÚ palãtion èrpãsai tØn ÉOlumpiãda (3). Sun°bh oÔn nikhfÒron §panelye›n tÚn ÉAl°jandron aÈtª tª ≤m°r& §k toË pol°mou, ka‹ ırò meg€sthn taraxØn §n tª pÒlei, ka‹ ±r≈thse tÚ gegonÒw. L°gousin aÈt“ ˜ti Pausan€aw §n t“ palat€ƒ §st‹ y°lvn èrpãsai tØn ÉOlumpiãda tØn mht°ra aÈtoË.  Ka‹ eÈy°vw efis°rxetai meyÉ œn §tÊgxanen Íperaspist«n aÈtoË, ka‹ sullambãnei (4) tÚn Pausan€an kat°xonta tØn ÉOlumpiãda metå b€aw megãlhw kraugãzousan. Ka‹ ±boulÆyh ÉAl°jandrow metå lÒgxhw énair∞sai aÈtÒn: §fobÆyh d¢ mÆ pvw ka‹ tØn mht°ra aÈtoË patãj˙: kate›xe går aÈtØn b€& pollª. ÑO d¢ ÉAl°jandrow épospãsaw tÚn Pausan€an épÚ t∞w mhtrÚw aÈtoË, [¶plhjen tª lÒgx˙, ∂n kate›xe.] may∆n tÚn F€lippon ¶mpnoun (¶ti) ˆnta, prosely∆n l°gei aÈt“. <<Pãter, t€ boÊlei per‹ toË Pausan€ou;>> ÑO d¢ l°gei, <<ÉAn°negk° moi aÈtÚn œde.>> Ka‹ [égag∆n aÈtÒn,] lab∆n ÉAl°jandrow mãxairan §n°yhken efiw tØn xe›ra Fil€ppou, ka‹ prosÆgagen tÚn Pausan€an: ka‹ kratÆsaw aÈtÚn FÄlippow ¶sfajen aÈtÒn: ka‹ l°gei t“ ÉAlejãndrƒ: <<T°knon, oÈ lupoËmai ˜ti teleut«, §jedikÆyhn går aÈtÚw §g∆ énel«n tÚn §xyrÒn mou. Kal«w oÔn e‰pen ı ÖAmmvn, ı LibÊhw yeÒw, ÉOlumpiãdi tª mhtr€ sou: ‘ÜEjeiw êrrena pa›da, ˘w §kdikÆsei tÚn patrÚw •autoË yãnaton.’>> Ka‹ oÏtvw efip∆n F€lippow ép°pneuse. Yãptetai oÔn basilik«w, ˜lhw t∞w Makedon€aw sunelyoÊshw.

25.1: ÉElyoÊshw d¢ t∞w pÒlevw P°llhw efiw eÈstãyeian (1), ¶rxetai ÉAl°jandrow §p‹ tØn toË patrÚw éndriãnta, ka‹ boÆsaw m°ga e‰pen: ...

See also under the annotatio for variations to the above theme, only part of it reproduced here [p. 25]: ... <<... ÜEjeiw går êrrena pa›da ˘w §kdikÆsei tÚn •autoË patrÚw yãnaton.>> Ka‹ oÏtvw efip∆n F€lippow §j°pneusen. ÑO d¢ ÉAl°jandrow penyÆsaw tÚn F€lippon sÁn pant‹ t“ strat“, metå t∞w mhtrÚw aÍtoË ÉOlumpiãdow, êgousin aÈtÚn §n tª pÒlei aÍtoË §p‹ xrus€ou krabãtou, ka‹ yãptousin aÈtÚn (kay∆w ¶yow §st€n), ˜lhw t∞w Makedon€aw sunelyoÊshw. Ofl d¢ SkÊyai metå tÚ paÊsasyai tÚn kairÚn toË yrÆnou pros∞lyon ÉAlejãndrƒ ...